Использование альтернативных источников белка в рационах перепелов: обзор

Рост населения Земли и стремление людей к здоровому образу жизни приводят к увеличению мирового спроса на белковую пищу. Перепела являются ценным источником белка, который, как считается, снижает риск развития ожирения и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Включение альтернативных источников белка в состав кормов для перепелов является ответом на экологические проблемы, связанные с использованием традиционных источников белка. Среди наиболее часто упоминаемых альтернативных источников белка в научных исследованиях можно выделить растения, насекомые, водоросли и грибы. Целью данного обзора является анализ научной литературы, посвященной использованию растений, насекомых, водорослей и грибов как альтернативных источников белка в кормах для перепелов. Растительные источники белка, такие как соя и кукуруза, успешно используются в кормопроизводстве. Однако исследования показали, что добавление в корма других источников, в том числе побочных продуктов растениеводства, позволит повысить экологичность и снизить зависимость отрасли от традиционного сырья. Мука из личинок черной львинки (Hermetia illucens) является перспективным и наиболее широко изученным источником белка среди насекомых и способна положительно влиять на продуктивность и здоровье перепелов. Среди водорослей следует выделить спирулину (Spirulina platensis и Arthrospira platensis), при добавлении 4% порошка из которой у птиц улучшились показатели продуктивности. Грибы описываются как перспективный источник белка в кормах, также способный обеспечить повышение продуктивности и качества мяса птиц, однако на данный момент проведено мало исследований по этому направлению. Проведение дальнейших исследований использования альтернативных источников белка в рационах перепелов рекомендуется сосредоточить на вопросах безопасности их применения и на более подробном изучении экономической целесообразности.

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