Влияние наночастиц цинка-сывороточного белка в кисломолочном продукте на окислительный стресс и функции печени у крыс с ожирением

Ожирение характеризуется накоплением жировой ткани в организме человека и широко распространено во всём мире. Необходимо разрабатывать продукты, направленные на борьбу с проблемой ожирения и продвигать здоровый образ жизни пока проблема не достигнет масштабов эпидемии. Целью данного исследования было оценить влияние наночастиц цинка и сывороточного белка (Zn-WPNPs), включённых в состав кисломолочного продукта (FM), на окислительный стресс, воспаление и фиброз печени у крыс с ожирением. Химический анализ включал определение содержания сухих веществ, белка, жира, углеводов, золы и измерение pH. Эффективность связывания цинка составила 91,22–97,12%, при среднем размере частиц 41,4–228 нм. Zn-WPNPs сохраняли стабильность после инкапсуляции, что было подтверждено фотографиями, полученными с помощью просвечивающей электронной микроскопии. В исследовании использовали 40  самок белых крыс, разделённых на пять групп и  получавших пероральное лечение в течение 30 последовательных дней: контрольная группа, группа на высокожировой диете (HFD; холестерин 1%), FM без добавок, FM-Zn и FM-Zn-WPNPs. После эксперимента у  животных отбирали кровь и  печень для анализа. В  группе HFD наблюдались значительные увеличения массы тела, показателей липидного профиля (триглицеридов и ЛПНП) и малонового диальдегида, а также снижение уровня печёночного холестерина, ЛПВП и активности ферментов (АСТ и АЛТ). В то же время у животных, получавших FM-Zn-WPNPs, уровень всех маркеров окислительного стресса (MDA, CAT и GSH) снизился до 1,19; 1,89 и 43,25 соответственно, по сравнению с 2,29; 1,20 и 27,40 в группе HFD, а также отмечалось улучшение всех печёночных показателей. Таким образом, FM-Zn-WPNPs могут рассматриваться как перспективный продукт питания для пациентов с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени (НАЖБП), способный улучшать их состояние здоровья.

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