Влияние заражения красным мукомольным жуком Tribolium сastaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) на некоторые качественные характеристики пшеничной муки, находящейся на хранении

В этом исследовании изучается влияние заражения красным мукомольным жуком Tribolium castaneum на качество хранящейся пшеничной муки путем оценки роста популяции насекомых, потери веса муки, содержания влаги, параметров цвета и химического состава муки при различных уровнях заражения (0, 10, 20 и 40 пар/кг) и продолжительности ее хранения (4, 6 и 8 месяцев). Результаты показывают, что популяции жука T. castaneum и потеря веса муки значительно росли при более высоких уровнях заражения и длительном хранении. Через 8 месяцев самая высокая степень заражения (40 пар/кг) была представлена максимальным ростом популяции насекомых численностью 638,5 насекомых/кг, и потерей веса муки в объеме 42,54 %, что подчеркивает важность эффективной борьбы с вредителями. Содержание влаги также росло наряду с уровнем заражения и продолжительностью хранения, достигнув 14,56 % при 40 парах/кг через 8 месяцев. Цветовой анализ показал снижение светлоты (L*) и увеличение значений a* и b*, что свидетельствует об ухудшении качества. Анализ химического состава показал, что уровни содержания белка, липидов и золы увеличились при заражении, в то время как содержание углеводов и клетчатки снизилось. Статистический анализ продемонстрировал значительные различия во всех параметрах муки в зависимости от уровней заражения и периодов хранения, при этом по мере хранения происходили весьма заметные изменения. Результаты доказывают прогрессирующее ухудшение качества муки, вызванное заражением жуком T. castaneum, тем самым подчеркивая необходимость улучшения методов хранения и контроля состояния продукта для снижения потерь веса, предотвращения увеличения влажности и ухудшения питательных свойств хранящихся продуктов из пшеничной муки. Эти данные способствуют пониманию объема потерь, вызванных вредителями, и предлагают превентивные стратегии для сохранения качества муки в условиях складского хранения.

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