Профили питательных свойств семян Persea Americana и Telfairia occidentalis: потенциальные виды применения в составе рецептур пищевых продуктов

Семена растений представляют собой ценный, но зачастую неиспользуемой ресурс, способный повысить продовольственную безопасность, развить устойчивую систему сельского хозяйства и увеличить потребительскую доступность ингредиентов, плотно насыщенных питательными веществами. Семя авокадо (Persea americana) и семена рифленой тыквы (Telfairia occidentalis) привлекли к себе внимание благодаря своим полезным для здоровья свойствам и питательной ценности. Семя P. americana не является сельскохозяйственным отходом; напротив, оно представляет собой отличный источник биологически активных веществ, которым можно найти применение в пищевой и фармацевтической промышленности. Семена T. occidentalis, в основном повторно культивируемые ради получения съедобных листьев, богаты антиоксидантами и другими необходимыми питательными веществами, выполняют функциональные задачи и обладают разнообразными свойствами, полезными для здоровья. В этой работе исследуется питательный профиль двух недооцененных семян – семян P. americana и семян T. occidentalis – с особым вниманием к их питательному составу, пользе для здоровья и подходам к их использованию в качестве функциональных пищевых компонентов, и перспективе их включения в пищевые добавки. Для поиска соответствующих исследований по питательному составу семян P. americana и T. occidentalis был проведен организованный поиск источников в нескольких веб-базах данных (Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Search Engine, Springer Link и Web of Science). Семена P. americana и T. occidentalis обладают сопоставимыми профилями питательных веществ, включающими макронутриенты, минералы и фитохимические компоненты, которые в совокупности обеспечивают их терапевтические свойства, включая антимикробное, антиоксидантное, антиадипозное, противовоспалительное, противодиабетическое, противораковое действие, а также повышение фертильности человека. Оба вида семян могут быть переработаны и эффективно интегрированы в различные пищевые продукты, тем самым улучшая функциональные свойства такового пищевого продукта. В статье подчеркивается недооцененность питательного и функционального потенциала этих семян, дается научное обоснование для их включения в пищевые рецептуры и разработки продуктов питания с добавленной стоимостью. Таким образом, использование семян T. occidentalis и P. americana может способствовать сокращению объема отходов, диверсификации экономики и улучшению качества питания, особенно в регионах, где эти культуры широко произрастают.

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