Ослабление индуцируемой доксорубицином нефротоксичности у мышей с раком молочной железы путем использования комбинации зеленого чая и моринги: акцент на антиоксидантные, апоптические, воспалительные и гистопатологические аспекты

Индуцируемая доксорубицином (DXR) нефротоксичность продолжает вызывать большую обеспокоенность при лечении рака и требует эффективного предотвращения повреждения почек. Целью данного исследования является оценка нефропротективного потенциала зеленого чая и моринги в 1% и 2% водных экстрактах при индуцированном доксорубицином повреждении почек у самок мышей Balb/C с раком молочной железы. Тридцать шесть самок мышей Balb/C были разделены на шесть групп следующим образом: здоровый контроль; мыши с раком молочной железы, индуцированным клетками 4T1; здоровые мыши, получавшие DXR; мыши с индуцированным раком молочной железы, получавшие DXR; мыши с индуцированным раком молочной железы, получавшие DXR и 1%-ю комбинацию зеленого чая и моринги; мыши с индуцированным раком молочной железы, получавшие DXR и 2%-ю комбинацию зеленого чая и моринги. Переменными эксперимента были масса тела, объем опухоли, активность антиоксидантных ферментов (CAT, GPx, SOD), маркеры окислительного стресса (TOS, TAC, OSI), провоспалительные цитокины (IL‑1, TNF‑α), и гены апоптоза и связанные с воспалением гены (BAX, BCL2, NLRP3, NFKB). Также был проведен гистологический анализ почек для анализа повреждений клеток. Обработка DXR приводила к снижению массы тела и увеличению ферментов почек, что указывало на повреждение почек. Уровни этих ферментов были значимо снижены в результате применения комбинации травяных экстрактов, особенно при концентрации 2%, что говорит от нефропротективных свойствах. Экстракты трав возвращали активности антиоксидантных ферментов к нормальному уровню и снижали маркеры окислительного стресса в почках в результате повышения уровней CAT, GPx, и SOD, и снижения уровней TOS и OSI. Кроме того, обработка травами также снижала уровни провоспалительных цитокинов и влияла на экспрессию генов, связанных с апоптозом; BAX был негативно регулирован, BCL2 был позитивно регулирован, что способствовало увеличению выживаемости клеток и снижению воспаления. Экстракты также снижали NLRP3/NFKB в почках обработанных DXR мышей дозозависимым образом. На основании этих результатов сделан вывод, что 1% и 2% водные экстракты смеси листьев зеленого чая и моринги (соотношение 1:1) могут считаться пригодной комбинацией для снижения индуцируемой DOX нефоротоксичности и повреждения почек у пациентов с раком.

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