foodsystFood systemsПищевые системы2618-97712618-7272Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН10.21323/2618-9771-2025-8-3-393-400foodsyst-857Research ArticleСтатьиGlucose: Basic physico-chemical properties and their practical significanceГлюкоза: основные физико-химические свойства и их практическая значимостьhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2441-4681ХвороваЛ. С.KhvorovaL. S.

Хворова Людмила Степановна — доктор технических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией технологии глюкозы

140051, Московская область, Люберцы, п. Красково, ул. Некрасова, 11

Ludmila S.  Khvorova, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of Laboratory of Glucose

11, Nekrasov str., 140051, Kraskovo, Lyubertsy, Moscow region

dekstrosa@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8312-8135АндреевН. Р.AndreevN. R.

Андреев Николай Руфеевич  — доктор технических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, научный руководитель

140051, Московская область, Люберцы, п. Красково, ул. Некрасова, 11

Nikolay R Andreev, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Supervisor

11, Nekrasov str., 140051, Kraskovo, Lyubertsy, Moscow region

andreev@arrisp.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1918-4455БызовВ. А.ByzovV. A.

Бызов Василий Аркадьевич — кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, директор

140051, Московская область, Люберцы, п. Красково, ул. Некрасова, 11

Vasily A Byzov, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Director

11, Nekrasov str., 140051, Kraskovo, Lyubertsy, Moscow region

byzov1966@yandex.ruВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт крахмала и переработки крахмалсодержащего сырья — филиал Федерального исследовательского центра картофеля имени А. Г. ЛорхаРоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Starch and Starch — containing Raw Materials Processing — Branch of Russian Potato Research CentreRussian Federation20251610202583393400Copyright © Khvorova L.S., Andreev N.R., Byzov V.A., 20252025Хворова Л.С., Андреев Н.Р., Бызов В.А.Khvorova L.S., Andreev N.R., Byzov V.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/857

Glucose is one of the most important medicines and strategic food products. The glucose market is highly competitive on a global level and is actively developing. According to the forecast of the Business research company, in the period from 2025 to 2034, the glucose market volume will grow rapidly from $6.81 to $9.2 billion. The growth of the glucose market is explained by the growing demand for the production of confectionery, functional food and beverages, animal feed, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel. Over the past decade, data have been accumulated regarding the physico-chemical properties of glucose, their role in human carbohydrate metabolism and the creation of new foods and medicines. The purpose of this review was to analyze current research reflecting the market, versatility of properties and uses of glucose. The glucostatic theory of obesity deserves attention, as well as the previously unknown ability of brain neurons to glycolysis. A sweetness receptor has been discovered and the mechanism of its influence on excessive food intake and human health has been investigated. Fructose and artificial sweeteners have a particularly harmful effect. Much of the researchers' attention is focused on increasing glucose stability. The analysis of the glucose market and its physico-chemical properties revealed the current direction of the development of glucose production linked with the expansion of the fields of its use. It includes obtaining new crystalline forms, expanding the production of anhydrous glucose, introducing spray drying and lyophilization technologies, creating products of the co-crystallization of glucose with other substances for the food, pharmaceutical, healthcare, veterinary and other industries.

Глюкоза является одним из важнейших лекарственных средств и  продуктов питания стратегического назначения. Рынок глюкозы является высококонкурентным на мировом уровне и активно развивающимся. По прогнозу Business research company, в период с 2025 по 2034 г объем рынка глюкозы будет стремительно расти с $6,81 до $9,2 млрд. Рост рынка глюкозы объясняется растущим спросом на производство кондитерских изделий, функциональных продуктов питания и напитков, кормов для животных, фармацевтических препаратов, биотоплива. За последнее десятилетие накоплены данные о физико-химических свойствах глюкозы, их роли в углеводном обмене человека, а также в разработке новых пищевых продуктов и медицинских препаратов. Цель данного обзора — проанализировать актуальные исследования, посвященные рынку глюкозы, многофункциональности ее свойств и  сферам применения. Заслуживает внимания глюкостатическая теория ожирения, а также выявленная ранее неизвестная способность нейронов головного мозга к самостоятельному гликолизу. Открыт рецептор сладкого вкуса и изучен механизм его влияния на избыточное потребление пищи и здоровье человека. Особенно вредное воздействие при этом оказывают фруктоза и искусственные подсластители. Большое внимание исследователей направлено на повышение стабильности глюкозы. При анализе рынка глюкозы и ее физико-химических свойств выявлено актуальное направление развития производства, связанное с расширением сфер ее применения. Оно включает получение новых кристаллических форм, расширение производства ангидридной глюкозы, внедрение технологий распылительной сушки и  лиофилизации, а также создание продуктов со-кристаллизации глюкозы с другими веществами для пищевой, фармацевтической, медицинской и ветеринарной отраслей.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.