foodsystFood systemsПищевые системы2618-97712618-7272Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН10.21323/2618-9771-2025-8-3-362-369foodsyst-852Research ArticleСтатьиInfluence of zinc-whey protein nanoparticles in fermented milk on oxidative stress and liver function in obese ratsВлияние наночастиц цинка-сывороточного белка в кисломолочном продукте на окислительный стресс и функции печени у крыс с ожирениемhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8423-6066ХасанМ. А.HassanM. A.

Мона А.  Хассан  — ассистент-профессор, Отдел оценки пищевых продуктов и  науки о  продуктах питания

12654, Гиза, Агоуза, ул. Везарет Эль-Зераа, 51 

Mona A.  Hassan, Assistant Professor, Food Evaluation and Food Science Department

51 Wezaret El-Zeraa Street, Agouza, 12654, Giza

monasaa2016@gmail.comСаламаМ.SalamaM.

Салама Махмуд  — ассистент-профессор, кафедра пищевых наук, сельскохозяйственный факультет

12613, Гиза, ул. Гамаа, 1

Mahmoud Salama, Assistant Professor, Food Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture

1 Gamaa Street, 12613, Giza

mahmoudsalama2100@agr.cu.edu.eghttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6631-5900Абд Эль-МаксудА. А.Abd El-MaksoudA. A.

Ахмед А. Абд Эль-Максуд  — Адъюнкт-Профессор, кафедра молочных наук, сельскохозяйственный факультет

12613, Гиза, ул. Гамаа, 1

Ahmed A.  Abd El-Maksoud, Associate Professor, Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture

1 Gamaa Street, 12613, Giza

 

ahmed_ali@cu.edu.egНациональная организация по контролю за наркотиками и научным исследованиямЕгипетNational Organization for Drug Control and ResearchEgyptКаирский университетЕгипетCairo UniversityEgypt20251610202583362369Copyright © Hassan M.A., Salama M., Abd El-Maksoud A.A., 20252025Хасан М.А., Салама М., Абд Эль-Максуд А.А.Hassan M.A., Salama M., Abd El-Maksoud A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/852

Obesity refers to fat accumulation in patients’ adipose tissue and is widespread globally. It is necessary to develop anti-obesity foods and promote a healthy lifestyle before it reaches epidemic proportions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zincwhey protein nanoparticles (Zn-WPNPs), incorporated into fermented milk (FM), on oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver fibrosis in obese rats. Chemical analysis included the determination of total solids, protein, fat, carbohydrates, ash contents, and pH. Zn efficacy was within 91.22–97.12%, with particle size within 41.4–228 nm. Zn-WPNPs demonstrated stability after encapsulation, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy photographs. Moreover, forty female albino rats were divided into five groups and were orally treated for 30 consecutive days: a control group, high-fat diet (HFD; Ch; 1%), FM alone, FM-Zn, and FM-Zn-WPNPS. Blood and liver samples were then collected for analysis. Highly significant increases in body weight, lipid profile (TG and LDL), and malonaldehyde, along with decreases in the levels of hepatic Ch, HDL, and enzyme activity (AST and ALT) were found in the HFD group. On the other hand, the animals treated with FM-Zn-WPNPs showed reduced levels of all the oxidative stress markers (MDA, CAT, and GSH) to 1.19, 1.89, and 43.25, compared to 2.29, 1.20, and 27.40 in the HFD group, respectively, along with improvements in all the liver measurements. Thus, FM-Zn-WPNPs may serve as an appropriate food for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients to improve their health.

Ожирение характеризуется накоплением жировой ткани в организме человека и широко распространено во всём мире. Необходимо разрабатывать продукты, направленные на борьбу с проблемой ожирения и продвигать здоровый образ жизни пока проблема не достигнет масштабов эпидемии. Целью данного исследования было оценить влияние наночастиц цинка и сывороточного белка (Zn-WPNPs), включённых в состав кисломолочного продукта (FM), на окислительный стресс, воспаление и фиброз печени у крыс с ожирением. Химический анализ включал определение содержания сухих веществ, белка, жира, углеводов, золы и измерение pH. Эффективность связывания цинка составила 91,22–97,12%, при среднем размере частиц 41,4–228 нм. Zn-WPNPs сохраняли стабильность после инкапсуляции, что было подтверждено фотографиями, полученными с помощью просвечивающей электронной микроскопии. В исследовании использовали 40  самок белых крыс, разделённых на пять групп и  получавших пероральное лечение в течение 30 последовательных дней: контрольная группа, группа на высокожировой диете (HFD; холестерин 1%), FM без добавок, FM-Zn и FM-Zn-WPNPs. После эксперимента у  животных отбирали кровь и  печень для анализа. В  группе HFD наблюдались значительные увеличения массы тела, показателей липидного профиля (триглицеридов и ЛПНП) и малонового диальдегида, а также снижение уровня печёночного холестерина, ЛПВП и активности ферментов (АСТ и АЛТ). В то же время у животных, получавших FM-Zn-WPNPs, уровень всех маркеров окислительного стресса (MDA, CAT и GSH) снизился до 1,19; 1,89 и 43,25 соответственно, по сравнению с 2,29; 1,20 и 27,40 в группе HFD, а также отмечалось улучшение всех печёночных показателей. Таким образом, FM-Zn-WPNPs могут рассматриваться как перспективный продукт питания для пациентов с неалкогольной жировой болезнью печени (НАЖБП), способный улучшать их состояние здоровья.

ферменты печеникисломолочный продуктокислительный стресснаночастицы цинка -сывороточного белкамалоновый альдегидhepatic enzymesfermented milkoxidative stresszinc-whey protein nanoparticlesmalonaldehydeАвторы выражают благодарность Национальной организации по контролю и исследованию лекарственных средств (The National Organization for Drug Control and Research) за предоставленные условия и оборудование для проведения исследований. Также авторы благодарят компанию Arla Foods Ingredients Group за предоставленный изолят сывороточного белка.The authors are grateful to the National Organization for Drug Control and Research for providing research facilities. Authors are thankful to Arla Foods Ingredients Group for providing whey protein isolate.ReferencesWorld Health Organization. (2025). Obesity and overweight. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight Accessed July 14, 2025.World Health Organization. (2025). Obesity and overweight. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.