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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2025-8-1-124-133</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-714</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Assessment of the adaptogenic properties of herbal tea based on pine needles and microstrobiles</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оценка адаптогенных свойств фиточая на основе хвои и микростробилов сосен</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0574-1575</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жамсаранова</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhamsaranova</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жамсаранова Сэсэгма Дашиевна - доктор биологических наук, профессор, кафедра биотехнологии</p><p>670013, Улан-Удэ, ул. Ключевская, 40 В</p><p>Тел.: +7–924–652–28–58</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sesegma D. Zhamsaranova, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Department of Biotechnology</p><p>40 В, Klyuchevskaya Str., 670013, Ulan-Ude</p><p>Tel.: +7–924–652–28–58</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhamsarans@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3528-5101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ширеторова</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shiretorova</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ширеторова Валентина Германовна - кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория химии природных систем</p><p>670047, Улан-Удэ, ул. Сахьяновой, 6</p><p>Тел.: +7–902–565–02–36</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina G. Shiretorova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Nature Systems Chemistry</p><p>6, Sakhyanova str., 670047, Ulan-Ude</p><p>Tel.: +7–902–565–02–36</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vgshiretorova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4330-5723</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эрдынеева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erdyneeva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эрдынеева Светлана Аркадьевна - кандидат фармацевтических наук, доцент, кафедра фармации, Медицинский институт</p><p>670000, Улан-Удэ, ул. Смолина, 24а</p><p>Тел.: +7–983–537–54–81</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana A. Erdyneeva, Candidate of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Docnet, Department of Pharmacy</p><p>24a, Smolin St., 670000, Ulan-Ude</p><p>Tel.: +7–983–537–54–81</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esssa198013@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5549-6144</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тыхеев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tykheev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тыхеев Анатолий Александрович - кандидат ветеринарных наук, научный сотрудник, Биотехнологический центр</p><p>670013, Улан-Удэ, ул. Ключевская, 40 В</p><p>Тел.: +7–950–390–4426</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly A. Tykheev, Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Researcher, Biotechnology Center</p><p>40 В, Klyuchevskaya Str., 670013, Ulan-Ude</p><p>Tel.: +7–950–390–4426</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tykheev.a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5664-6028</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лебедева</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lebedeva</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лебедева Светлана Николаевна - доктор биологических наук, профессор, кафедра биотехнологии</p><p>670013, Улан-Удэ, ул. Ключевская, 40 В</p><p>Тел.: +7–908–590–57–86</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana N. Lebedeva, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Department of Biotechnology</p><p>40 В, Klyuchevskaya Str., 670013, Ulan-Ude</p><p>Tel.: +7–908–590–57–86</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lebedeva1959@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Восточно-Сибирский государственный университет технологий и управления; Бурятский государственный университет им. Доржи Банзарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East Siberian State University of Technology and Management Ulan-Ude; Banzarov Buryat State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Байкальский институт природопользования СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Baikal Institute of Nature Management Siberian branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Бурятский государственный университет им. Доржи Банзарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Banzarov Buryat State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Восточно-Сибирский государственный университет технологий и управления</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East Siberian State University of Technology and Management Ulan-Ude</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>124</fpage><lpage>133</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Zhamsaranova S.D., Shiretorova V.G., Erdyneeva S.A., Tykheev A.A., Lebedeva S.N., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жамсаранова С.Д., Ширеторова В.Г., Эрдынеева С.А., Тыхеев А.А., Лебедева С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhamsaranova S.D., Shiretorova V.G., Erdyneeva S.A., Tykheev A.A., Lebedeva S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/714">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/714</self-uri><abstract><p>The scientific community shows an increasing interest to plant antioxidants as a means of alimentary restoration of functional reserves of the body after physical and emotional stresses. The aim of the work was to assess the adaptogenic activity of herbal tea developed on the basis of by-products of pine growing on the territory of Buryatia. The object of the research was a plant composition (herbal tea) consisted of tea leaves, sea-buckthorn press cake, pine microstrobiles and needles. Adaptogenic properties of herbal tea were studied on the model of immunosuppression caused by the cytostatic drug azathioprine administered to experimental animals every day orally. Behavioral reactions of animals were assessed in the open field test; the general physical endurance in the forced swim test with weight load. Histomorphological analysis of the organs was carried out using the standard methods. In the state of immunosuppression caused by azathioprine, the exploratory activity and physical endurance of animals decreased, anxiety increased, the relative weight of immune organs (thymus and spleen) decreased and the relative weight of the organ that detoxifies xenobiotics, liver, increased. Morphometric studies showed that after administration of azathioprine significant morphofunctional changes were observed in the thymus and spleen of mice, which suggested a decreased functional activity of the organs. A decrease in the number and size of thymic Hassal’s bodies and a reduction of nucleated cells were observed in the thymus, while a significant two-fold decrease in the average area of follicles and a decrease in thickness of germinal centers were noticed in the spleen compared to those in the intact group. Introduction of herbal tea upon administration of azathioprine make it possible to alleviate its negative effect; with that, some indicators of the structures of the thymus and spleen corresponded to the values of the intact group. The summary content of antioxidants in herbal tea was 430.48 mg / 100 ml. Restoration of the non-specific reactivity of the body of the experimental animals subjected to immunosuppression apparently is linked with the antioxidant activity of the biologically active substances in the composition of herbal tea.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В научном сообществе возрастает интерес к растительным антиоксидантам как к средствам алиментарного восстановления функциональных резервов организма после физических и эмоциональных нагрузок. Цель работы — оценка адаптогенного действия фиточая, разработанного на основе побочных продуктов сосны, произрастающей на территории Бурятии. Объектом исследований явилась растительная композиция (фиточай), состоящая из чайных листьев, облепихового жмыха, микростробилов и хвои сосновой. Адаптогенные свойства фиточая изучались на модели иммуносупрессии, вызванной цитостатиком азатиоприном, вводимым экспериментальным животным ежедневно перорально. Поведенческие реакции животных оценивались в тесте «Открытое поле»; общая физическая выносливость — в тесте «Плавание до упора». Гистоморфологический анализ органов проводился с использованием стандартных методов. В состоянии иммуносупрессии, вызванной азатиоприном, у животных снижалась исследовательская активность и физическая выносливость, повышалась тревожность, уменьшалась относительная масса иммунных органов (тимуса и селезенки) и увеличивалась относительная масса органа, детоксицирующего ксенобиотики — печени. Морфометрическими исследованиями установлено, что после введения азатиоприна в тимусе и селезенке мышей отмечались значительные морфофункциональные изменения, свидетельствующие о снижении функциональной активности органов. В тимусе наблюдалось уменьшение количества и размеров тимических телец Гассаля, снижение ядросодержащих клеток, а в селезенке — достоверное уменьшение средней площади фолликул в 2 раза и снижение толщины герминативных центров по сравнению с таковыми в интактной группе. Введение фиточая при применении азатиоприна позволило снизить его негативное воздействие, при этом некоторые показатели структур тимуса и селезенки соответствовали значениям интактной группы. ССА фиточая составило 430,48мг / 100мл. Восстановление неспецифической реактивности организма экспериментальных животных, подвергнутых иммуносупрессии, по-видимому, связано с антиоксидантной активностью биологически активных веществ, входящих в состав фиточая.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фиточай</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd><kwd>адаптогенные свойства</kwd><kwd>гистоморфология</kwd><kwd>тимус</kwd><kwd>селезенка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>herbal tea</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd><kwd>adaptogenic properties</kwd><kwd>histomorphology</kwd><kwd>thymus</kwd><kwd>spleen</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в соответствии с грантом Российского научного фонда № 24-26-20042, https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-20042/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 24-26-20042, https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-20042/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Skevaki, C., Nadeau, K. 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