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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2024-7-4-590-597</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-633</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Influence of microbiological risks associated with spore-forming microflora on the quality and storability of butter from different production methods</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние микробиологических рисков, связанных со споровой микрофлорой, на качество и хранимоспособность сливочного масла разных способов производства</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9586-3786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свириденко</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviridenko</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свириденко Галина Михайловна  — доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель направления микробиологических исследований молока и  молочной продукции</p><p>152613, Ярославская обл., Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–48532–5–48–64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina M.  Sviridenko, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of the Department of Microbiological Studies of Milk and DairyProducts</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: +7–485–325–48–64</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.sviridenko@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2537-4522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharova</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Марина Борисовна  — кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>152613, Ярославская обл., Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–485–329–81–18</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina B. Zakharova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher, Department of Microbiological Studies of Milk and Dairy Products</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: +7–485–329–81–18</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.zackarova@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0225-6870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Топникова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Topnikova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Топникова Елена Васильевна  — доктор технических наук, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>152613, Ярославская обл., Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–910–666–93–93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Topnikova, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Deputy Director for Research</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, 152613, Yaroslavl Region, Uglich</p><p>Tel.: + 7–910–666–93–93</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.topnikova@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>590</fpage><lpage>597</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sviridenko G.M., Zakharova M.B., Topnikova E.V., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Свириденко Г.М., Захарова М.Б., Топникова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sviridenko G.M., Zakharova M.B., Topnikova E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/633">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/633</self-uri><abstract><p>The article presents the results of studies of the effect of spore-forming bacteria on the quality and storability of butter depending on the method of its production  — cream churning (CC) or high-fat cream transformation (HFCT). A simulation approach was used in conducting the research, including the following stages: reduction of microbial contamination of raw cream and its contamination with a test culture of spore-forming microorganisms; production of butter according to existing technological schemes; control over the development of the test culture at the stages of production and storage of butter. The objects of the study were: cream before and after pasteurization; pasteurized cream contaminated with a test culture of Bacillus subtilis; butter made by CC and HFCT from contaminated cream. Storage of butter samples was carried out at temperatures of 3±2 °C, 10±1 °C and 25±1 °C. The quality and storability of butter were assessed taking into account significant rejection criteria reflecting the requirements of standardization documents. For this purpose, microbiological and physicochemical indicators were determined using standardized methods, including the content of vegetative cells and spore forms of the Bacillus subtilis test culture, milk plasma acidity, and indicators of oxidative spoilage of the fat phase. Organoleptic indicators were assessed by taste, smell, consistency, and appearance. As a result of the studies, it was established that during the production and storage of butter, the greatest microbiological risks associated with spore-forming bacteria of the genus Bacillus and leading to a decrease in its quality and storability were observed during production by the churning method, which is due to the technological features of production (duration of processes, temperature conditions). When producing butter using the HFCT method, the risks associated with spore-forming aerobic microorganisms were less significant. This ensures long-term preservation of the initial safety and quality indicators of butter at a regulated temperature of 3±2 °C, as well as higher storability at elevated storage temperatures in comparison with butter produced using the churning method.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В  статье представлены результаты исследований влияния споровых бактерий на качество и  хранимоспособность сливочного масла в зависимости от способа его изготовления  — сбиванием сливок (СС) или преобразованием высокожирных сливок (ПВЖС). При проведении исследований использовался имитационный подход, включающий следующие этапы: снижение микробной обсемененности сливок-сырья и  их контаминация тест-культурой споровых микроорганизмов; изготовление масла по существующим технологическим схемам; контроль за развитием тест-культуры на стадиях изготовления и  хранения сливочного масла. Объектами исследования служили: сливки до и после пастеризации; сливки пастеризованные, обсемененные тест-культурой Bacillus subtilis; сливочное масло, изготовленное способом СС и  ПВЖС из контаминированных сливок. Хранение образцов масла осуществляли при температурных режимах 3±2°C, 10±1°C и 25±1°C. Оценку качества и хранимоспособности сливочного масла проводили с учетом значимых критериев забраковки, отражающих требования документов по стандартизации. Для этого стандартизованными методами определяли микробиологические и физико-химические показатели, в том числе содержание вегетативных клеток и  споровых форм тест-культуры Bacillus subtilis, кислотность молочной плазмы, показатели окислительной порчи жировой фазы. Органолептические показатели оценивали по вкусу, запаху, консистенции и внешнему виду. В результате проведенных исследований установлено, что при изготовлении и хранении масла наибольшие микробиологические риски, связанные со споровыми бактериями рода Bacillus и приводящие к снижению его качества и хранимоспособности, наблюдаются при изготовлении методом сбивания, что обусловлено технологическими особенностями производства (продолжительность процессов, температурные режимы. При изготовлении масла методом ПВЖС риски, связанные со споровыми аэробными микроорганизмами, менее значимы. Это обеспечивает длительное сохранение исходных показателей безопасности и качества масла при регламентированной температуре 3±2°C, а также более высокую хранимоспособность при повышенных температурных режимах хранения в сравнении с маслом, изготовленным методом сбивания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сливочное масло</kwd><kwd>хранимоспособность</kwd><kwd>тест-культура</kwd><kwd>споровые микроорганизмы</kwd><kwd>сбивание сливок</kwd><kwd>преобразование высокожирных сливок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>butter</kwd><kwd>storability</kwd><kwd>test culture</kwd><kwd>spore-forming microorganisms</kwd><kwd>cream churning</kwd><kwd>high-fat cream conversion</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по государственному заданию № FGUS-2024-0008 ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова» РАН.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of research under state assignment No. FGUS-2024-0008 of the V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Demirkol, A., Guneser, O., Yuceer, Y. K. (2016). Volatile componuds, chemical and sensory properties of butters sold in Çanakkale. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 22(1), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.1501/Tarimbil_0000001372</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Demirkol, A., Guneser, O., Yuceer, Y. K. (2016). Volatile componuds, chemical and sensory properties of butters sold in Çanakkale. 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