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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2024-7-4-551-559</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-627</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Biotechnological aspects of the technology of preparation of grain-fruit wort from wheat grain and blackcurrant cake</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биотехнологические аспекты технологии приготовления зерно-фруктового сусла из зерна пшеницы и жмыха черной смородины</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1660-2634</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серба</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Serba</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серба Елена Михайловна — доктор биологических наук, доцент, профессор РАН, член-корреспондент РАН, заместитель директора по научной работе</p><p>111033, Москва, Самокатная ул. 4-Б</p><p>Тел.: +7–916–515–92–73</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Serba, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Docent, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director for Research</p><p>4B, Samokatnaya str., 111033, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–916–515–92–73</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serbae@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6084-7786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколова Елена Николаевна — кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела биотехнологии ферментов, дрожжей, органических кислот и БАД</p><p>111033, Москва, Самокатная ул. 4-Б</p><p>Тел.: +7–495–362–467–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena N.  Sokolova, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Department of Biotechnology of Enzymes, Yeast, Organic Acids and Dietary Supplements</p><p>4B, Samokatnaya str., 111033, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–362–46–78</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenaniksokolova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3097-0836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Римарева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rimareva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Римарева Любовь Вячеславовна — доктор технических наук, профессор, академик РАН, главный научный сотрудник, отдел биотехнологии ферментов, дрожжей, органических кислот и БАД,</p><p>111033, Москва, Самокатная ул. 4-Б</p><p>Тел.: +7–495–362–46–78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov V. Rimareva, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Researcher, Department of Biotechnology of Enzymes, Yeast, Organic Acids and Dietary Supplements</p><p>4B, Samokatnaya str., 111033, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–362–46–78</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ionow.vlad2014@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-8707</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ионов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ionov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатова Надежда Иосифовна — научный сотрудник, отдел биотехнологии ферментов, дрожжей, органических кислот и БАД</p><p>111033, Москва, Самокатная ул. 4-Б</p><p>Тел.: +7–495–362–46–78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Ionov, Process Engineer, Department of Biotechnology of Enzymes, Yeast, Organic Acids and Dietary Supplements</p><p>4B, Samokatnaya str., 111033, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–362–467–8</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ignatova59@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-7478</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оверченко Марина Борисовна — кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел биотехнологии ферментов, дрожжей, органических кислот и БАД</p><p>111033, Москва, Самокатная ул. 4-Б</p><p>Тел.: +7–495–362–467–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda I. Ignatova, Research Assistant, Department of Biotechnology of Enzymes, Yeast, Organic Acids and Dietary Supplements</p><p>4B, Samokatnaya str., 111033, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–3624678</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mb_over@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оверченко</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Overchenko</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оверченко Марина Борисовна — кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел биотехнологии ферментов, дрожжей, органических кислот и БАД</p><p>111033, Москва, Самокатная ул. 4-Б</p><p>Тел.: +7–495–362–46–78</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina B.  Overchenko, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Department of Biotechnology of Enzymes, Yeast, Organic Acids and Dietary Supplements</p><p>4B, Samokatnaya str., 111033, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–362–46–78</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mb_over@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пищевой биотехнологии — филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения науки Федерального исследовательского центра питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Food Biotechnology — branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science of the Federal Research Center for Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>551</fpage><lpage>559</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Serba E.M., Sokolova E.N., Rimareva L.V., Ionov V.V., Ignatova N.I., Overchenko M.B., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серба Е.М., Соколова Е.Н., Римарева Л.В., Ионов В.В., Игнатова Н.И., Оверченко М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Serba E.M., Sokolova E.N., Rimareva L.V., Ionov V.V., Ignatova N.I., Overchenko M.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/627">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/627</self-uri><abstract><p>For the development of competitive alcoholic beverages with interesting sensory characteristics, it is promising to introduce fruit and berry raw materials into the grain wort, which allows distillates to be given an original taste and aroma. However, in the process of processing fruit and berry raw materials, difficulties arise due to its high acidity and high content of fiber and pectin substances, which require additional research to develop efficient technologies. The purpose of this work was to study the conditions for the preparation of grain-fruit wort using biotechnological methods for the conversion of polymers of wheat and blackcurrant raw materials. The objects of the study were berries and blackcurrant cake; wheat grain; enzyme preparations — sources of amylases, hemicellulases, proteases and pectinases; wort samples. The possibility of complex processing of black currant berries to obtain fermented juice as an additional product, and cake for use in grain–fruit wort has been substantiated. It was shown that as a result of the biocatalytic destruction of the protein-pectin complex of berry raw materials, the main part of fiber passed into the cake. The concentration of amine nitrogen was 315 mg%, soluble carbohydrates — 6.8%, phenolic substances — 94.75 mg%, pH — 3.0. It was found that with the combined hydrodynamic and enzymatic processing of grain and fruit raw materials, the introduction of blackcurrant cake into the composition of raw ingredients had a negative effect on the rheological properties of the wort, the viscosity of which increased almost three times. Rational conditions for the preparation of wort from mixed wheat raw materials and blackcurrant cake when used together have been selected: the hydromodule of the wort is 1:3; the dosage of hemicellulase enzymes is 0.3 units /g (может быть units KS/g) of raw materials; the content of the raw components of the cake is not more than 30%. The advantage of separate preparation of the raw components (wheat batch and fermented cake) of wort followed by combination at the stage of saccharification and proteolysis was revealed. With this method, the viscosity of the wort was significantly reduced. The concentration of total and soluble carbohydrates increased. Analysis of the carbohydrate profile showed that in wheat wort glucose was prevalent (8.1%). In grain-fruit wort, glucose and fructose were present in almost equal proportions. A block diagram has been developed for the separate preparation of raw materials (grain and blackcurrant cake) in the technology of grain-fruit distillates.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Для разработки конкурентоспособных спиртных напитков с  интересными сенсорными характеристиками перспективно введение в состав зернового сусла плодово-ягодного сырья, позволяющего придать дистиллятам оригинальные вкус и аромат. Однако высокая кислотность, а также содержание клетчатки и пектиновых веществ в плодово-ягодном сырье создают сложности при переработке, требующие дополнительных исследований для разработки эффективных технологий. Цель данной работы состояла в исследовании условий приготовления зерно-фруктового сусла с использованием биотехнологических методов конверсии полимеров пшеничного и черносмородинового сырья. Объектами исследования служили ягоды и жмых черной смородины; зерно пшеницы; ферментные препараты — источники амилаз, гемицеллюлаз, протеаз и пектиназ; образцы сусла. Обоснована возможность комплексной переработки ягод черной смородины с получением ферментированного сока как дополнительной продукции, и жмыха — для использования в составе зерно-фруктового сусла. Показано, что биокаталитическая деструкция белково-пектинового комплекса ягодного сырья привела к переходу основной части клетчатки в жмых. Концентрация аминного азота составила 315 мг%, растворимых углеводов — 6,8%, фенольных веществ — 94,75 мг%, рН — 3,0. Установлено, что при совместной гидродинамической и ферментативной обработке зерно-фруктового сырья введение в состав сырьевых ингредиентов черносмородинового жмыха негативно сказалось на реологических свойствах сусла, вязкость которого повышалась практически в 3 раза. Подобраны рациональные условия приготовления сусла из смешанного пшеничного сырья и жмыха черной смородины при их совместном использовании: гидромодуль сусла — 1:3; дозировка ферментов гемицеллюлазного действия — 0,3 ед. КС/г сырья; содержание в составе сырьевых компонентов жмыха — не более 30%. Выявлено преимущество раздельного приготовления сырьевых составляющих сусла: пшеничного замеса и ферментированного жмыха с последующим соединением на стадии осахаривания и протеолиза. Данный способ приводил к существенному снижению вязкости сусла. При этом наблюдалось увеличение концентрации общих и растворимых углеводов. Анализ углеводного профиля показал, что в пшеничном сусле преобладала глюкоза (8,1%). В зерно-фруктовом сусле глюкоза и фруктоза присутствовали практически в равных количествах. Разработана структурная схема раздельной подготовки сырьевых компонентов (зерна и жмыха черной смородины) в технологии зерно-фруктовых дистиллятов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>ягоды и жмых черной смородины</kwd><kwd>ферментные препараты</kwd><kwd>биокатализ</kwd><kwd>зерно-фруктовое сусло</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>blackcurrant berries and cake</kwd><kwd>enzyme preparations</kwd><kwd>biocatalysis</kwd><kwd>grainfruit wort</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа проведена за счет средств субсидии на выполнение государственного задания (тема № FGMF-2023-0004).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out at the expense of a subsidy for the implementation of the state task (subject No. FGMF-2023-0004).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волкова, С. 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(In  Russian)] https://doi.org/10.18334/9785907063556</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
