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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2024-7-3-466-472</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-576</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Hydrolysates of mare's milk proteins. Immunochemical and physico-chemical characteristics</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гидролизаты белков кобыльего  молока. Иммунохимическая и физико-химическая характеристика</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-7478</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Елена Сергеевна — младший научный сотрудник, лаборатория опытно-экспериментальных технологических исследований</p><p>143500 Московская область, Истра, ул. Московская, 48</p><p>Тел.: +7–498–313–03–96</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Semenova - Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Experimental Technological Research</p><p>48, Moskovskaya str., Moscow region, 143500, Istra</p><p>Tel.: +7–498–313–03–96</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lab6@niidp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2878-8069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симоненко</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonenko</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симоненко Елена Сергеевна  — кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория технологий продуктов питания детей и дошкольного и школьного возраста</p><p>143500, Московская область, Истра, ул. Московская, 48</p><p>Тел.: +7–498–313–03–96</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S.  Simonenko - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Food Technologies for Children and Preschool and School Age</p><p>48, Moskovskaya str., Moscow region, 143500, Istra </p><p>Tel.: +7–498–313–03–96</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nir@niidp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6999-5048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симоненко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симоненко Сергей Владимирович — доктор технических наук, директор</p><p>143500, Московская область, Истра, ул. Московская, 48</p><p>Тел.: +7–498–313–03–96</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V.  Simonenko - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Director</p><p>48, Moskovskaya str., Moscow region, 143500, Istra </p><p>Tel.: +7–498–313–03–96</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dir@niidp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-6098</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорин</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorin</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зорин Сергей Николаевич  — кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория пищевых биотехнологий и  специализированных продуктов</p><p>109240, Москва, Устьинский проезд, 2/14</p><p>Тел.: +7–495–698–53–71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Zorin - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Food Biotechnologies and Specialized Products</p><p>2/14, Ustyinsky proezd, 109240, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–698–53–71</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zorin@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3237-7967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазо</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazo</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазо Владимир Кимович — доктор биологических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория пищевых биотехнологий и специализированных продуктов</p><p>109240, Москва, Устьинский проезд, 2/14</p><p>Тел.: +7–495–698–53–71</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir K.  Mazo - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Food Biotechnologies and Specialized Products</p><p>2/14, Ustyinsky proezd, 109240, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–698–53–71</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mazo@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт детского питания — филиал Федерального исследовательского центра питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Institute of Baby Food — a branch Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, &#13;
биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>466</fpage><lpage>472</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Semenova E.S., Simonenko E.S., Simonenko S.V., Zorin S.N., Mazo V.K., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенова Е.С., Симоненко Е.С., Симоненко С.В., Зорин С.Н., Мазо В.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenova E.S., Simonenko E.S., Simonenko S.V., Zorin S.N., Mazo V.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/576">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/576</self-uri><abstract><p>In recent years, the attention of specialists has been attracted by a significant increase in allergic diseases, especially among children. Enzymatic hydrolysis with the participation of peptidases is considered the most effective measure to reduce the allergenicity of milk proteins. The study of the features of protein proteolysis by various enzymes, aimed at establishing optimal process parameters, is the subject of research in the production of hydrolysates with specified properties: a certain peptide and amino acid profile, reduced antigenic properties. At the same time, for a correct preclinical assessment of the safety and potential effectiveness of specialized food products, it is not enough only to determine the molecular weight distribution of peptide fractions in the composition. A necessary additional and informative indicator of reducing the potential allergenicity of the hydrolysate is the degree of preservation of the antigenic properties of the initial protein (residual antigenicity), determined by immunochemical methods. The preparation and subsequent comprehensive assessment of enzymatic hydrolysates of mare's milk proteins is of considerable interest, since, according to the results of clinical studies, it was suggested that upon allergy to cow's milk proteins mare's milk can be considered hypoallergenic. The purpose of this work was to obtain enzymatic hydrolysates of mare's milk proteins using domestic enzymes and their further physico-chemical and immunochemical characteristics. The object of the study was mare's milk protein obtained from skimmed mare's milk powder as a protein substrate. Two samples of enzymes from various manufacturers of the Russian Federation were used in the work. The results of the conducted studies show that the peptide profiles of hydrolysates vary greatly depending on the enzyme used, however, the multiplicity of antigenicity reduction practically does not depend on the nature of the enzyme, and does not depend on an increase in the enzyme/substrate ratio. The peptide profile and the multiplicity of reducing the antigenicity of hydrolysates of mare's milk proteins are influenced by ultrafiltration treatment of the obtained hydrolysates, which allows reducing the content of antigenic structures in the final product by several orders of magnitude.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В  последние годы внимание специалистов привлекает значительный рост аллергических заболеваний, особенно среди детей. Наиболее действенной мерой снижения аллергенности белков молока считается ферментативный гидролиз при участии пептидаз. Изучение особенностей протеолиза белков различными ферментами, направленное на установление оптимальных параметров процесса, является предметом исследований при получении гидролизатов с заданными свойствами: определенным пептидным и аминокислотным профилем, сниженными антигенными свойствами. При этом, для корректной доклинической оценки безопасности и потенциальной эффективности специализированных пищевых продуктов недостаточно только определение молекулярно-массового распределения пептидных фракций в составе. Необходимым дополнительным и информативным показателем снижения потенциальной аллергенности гидролизата является степень сохранности антигенных свойств исходного белка (остаточная антигенность), определяемая иммунохимическими методами. Получение и последующая комплексная оценка ферментативных гидролизатов белков кобыльего молока представляет значительный интерес, поскольку, по результатам клинических исследований, было высказано мнение о том, что кобылье молоко при аллергии к белкам коровьего молока можно считать гипоаллергенным. Целью данной работы было получение ферментативных гидролизатов белков кобыльего молока с использованием отечественных ферментов и их дальнейшая физико-химическая и иммунохимическая характеристика. Объектом исследования в качестве белкового субстрата служил белок кобыльего молока, полученный из сухого обезжиренного кобыльего молока. В работе были использованы два образца ферментов различных производителей Российской Федерации. Результаты проведенных исследований показали, что пептидные профили гидролизатов сильно различаются в зависимости от использовавшегося фермента, однако, кратность снижения антигенности практически не зависит от природы фермента, и не зависит от увеличения фермент/субстратного соотношения. На пептидный профиль и кратность снижения антигенности гидролизатов белков кобыльего молока оказывает влияние ультрафильтрационная обработка полученных гидролизатов, которая позволяет на несколько порядков снизить содержание антигенных структур в конечной продукте.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молочный белок</kwd><kwd>кобылье молоко</kwd><kwd>ферментный  препарат</kwd><kwd>гидролиз</kwd><kwd>антигенность</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-массовое  распределение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk protein</kwd><kwd>mare's  milk</kwd><kwd>enzyme  preparation</kwd><kwd>hydrolysis</kwd><kwd>antigenicity</kwd><kwd>molecular weight  distribution</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена на базе НИИ детского питания — филиале ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии» в рамках обеспечения условий выполнения работ гранта в форме субсидии на: обеспечение проведения российскими научными организациями и (или) Образовательными организациями высшего образования совместно с иностранными организациями научных исследований в рамках обеспечения реализации программы двух- и многостороннего научно-технологического взаимодействия, по соглашению между ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии» и Минобрнауки России от 02 октября 2022 года № 075-15-2022-1211 по теме: «Разработка технологии получения специализированных молочных продуктов с пониженной аллергенностью для детского питания на основе гидролизатов молочных белков».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed on the basis of the Research Institute of Baby Nutrition — a branch of the FGBUN "Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology" in the framework of ensuring the conditions for performing the work of a grant in the form of a subsidy for: ensuring that Russian scientific organizations and (or) educational organizations of higher education conduct scientific research together with foreign organizations as part of providing implementation of the program of bilateral and multilateral scientific and technological cooperation, according to the contract between the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology" and the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated October 02, 2022 No. 075-15-2022-1211 on the topic: "Development of a technology for obtaining specialized dairy products with reduced allergenicity for baby food based on milk protein hydrolysates".</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ногаллер, А. 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