foodsystFood systemsПищевые системы2618-97712618-7272Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН10.21323/2618-9771-2024-7-2-231-237foodsyst-488Research ArticleСтатьиUsing the model of closed-loop economy in certain branches of the agro-industrial complexИспользование модели экономики замкнутого цикла в отдельных отраслях агропромышленного комплексаhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-3511ПетрунинаИ. В.PetruninaI. V.

Петрунина Ирина Всеволодовна — старший научный сотрудник, Центр «Экономико-аналитических исследований и информационных технологий».

109316, Москва, ул. Талалихина, 26

Тел.: +7-495-676-95-11 доб. 253

Irina V. Petrunina - Senior Researcher, Center of Economic and Analytical Research and Information Technologies, V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems.

26, Talalikhina str., 109316, Moscow

Tel.: +7-495-676-95-11 (253)

i.petrunina@fncps.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-9316ГорбуноваН. А.GorbunovaN. A.

Горбунова Наталья Анатольевна — кандидат технических наук, ученый секретарь.

109316, Москва, ул. Талалихина, 26

Тел.: +7-495-676-95-11 доб. 316

Nataliya A. Gorbunova - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Scientific Secretary, V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems.

26, Talalikhina str., 109316, Moscow

Tel.: +7-495-676-95-11 (316)

n.gorbunova@fncps.ruФедеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. ГорбатоваРоссияV.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food SystemsRussian Federation20241607202472231237Copyright © Petrunina I.V., Gorbunova N.A., 20242024Петрунина И.В., Горбунова Н.А.Petrunina I.V., Gorbunova N.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/488

From agricultural production to domestic consumption of products, the food industry produces huge amounts of waste every year, which leads to contamination of soil, water and air. Waste created upon processing agricultural raw materials and using axillary materials, such as additives, certain chemical components, fuel and so on, enhances an impact of the food chain on the environment leading to depletion of natural resources. In the last few years, production branches of economy, including the agro-industrial complex, have made attempts to maintain the balance between their impact on the environment, the use of resources, well-being of the population and economic benefits. This trend stimulates the intensive development of the theory of circular (cyclic) economy or closed-loop economy and facilitates a search for methods of its realization in the real economic system. The paper summarizes the main specific features typical of circular economy: strengthened control of supply of limited natural resources and maintenance of the stable balance of renewable resources; optimization of consumption processes by development and use of products, components and materials that correspond to the highest level of their reuse; detection and prevention of negative external effects of current production activities to increase efficiency of the economic and ecological systems. With that, despite the fact that the concept of circular economy was formulated several decades ago, its comprehensive definition is still a subject of discussions. Ambiguity of the existing definitions shows that the concept of closed-loop economy has different meaning for stakeholders. The paper examines several aspects of using elements of closed-loop economy in certain branches of the agro-industrial complex, including the meat industry. A special attention in this work is given to the introduction of modern technologies and equipment for efficient processing of waste from crop husbandry, animal husbandry and meat production to include it into the economic turnover. In addition, ecological problems arising in the course of activities of enterprises of the food and processing industries are examined and the possibilities of solving these problems by introduction of the model of circular economy have been established. Risks and barriers preventing transition of Russia to the model of circular economy have been revealed. The authors propose measures and directions of scientific research aimed at the development and introduction of elements of closed-loop economy in the meat sub-complex, including related branches of the agro-industrial complex.

Пищевая промышленность, от сельскохозяйственного производства до внутреннего потребления продукции, ежегодно образует большое количество отходов, что приводит к загрязнению почвы, воды и воздуха. Отходы, полученные при переработке сельскохозяйственного сырья, а также при использовании вспомогательных материалов (таких как добавки, отдельные химические компоненты, топливо и прочее) усиливают воздействие пищевой цепи на окружающую среду, что приводит к истощению природных ресурсов. В последние годы производственные отрасли экономики, включая агропромышленный комплекс, пытаются поддерживать баланс между своим воздействием на окружающую среду, использованием ресурсов, благосостоянием населения и экономическими выгодами. Эта тенденция стимулирует интенсивное развитие теории циркулярной (циклической) экономики, или экономики замкнутого цикла (ЭЗЦ), и способствует поиску методов ее реализации в реальной экономической системе. В статье обобщены основные особенности, присущие циркулярной экономике: усиленный контроль запасов ограниченных природных ресурсов и соблюдения устойчивого баланса возобновляемых ресурсов; оптимизация процессов потребления путем разработки и использования продукции, комплектующих и материалов, отвечающих самому высокому уровню их повторного использования; выявление и предотвращение негативных внешних эффектов текущей производственной деятельности с целью повышения эффективности экономической и экологической систем. При этом, несмотря на то, что концепция циркуляционной экономики была сформулирована несколько десятилетий назад, ее исчерпывающее определение все еще является предметом дискуссий. Неоднозначность имеющихся определений показывает, что понятие экономики замкнутого цикла имеет разное значение для заинтересованных сторон. В статье рассмотрены несколько аспектов использования элементов ЭЗЦ в отдельных отраслях агропромышленного комплекса, в том числе в мясной промышленности. В данной работе особое внимание уделяется внедрению современных технологий и оборудования для эффективной переработки отходов растениеводства, животноводства и мясного производства с целью их вовлечения в хозяйственный оборот. Отдельно рассмотрены экологические проблемы, возникающие в ходе деятельности предприятий пищевой и перерабатывающей промышленностей, а также установлены возможности решения этих проблем путем внедрения модели циркулярной экономики. Выявлены риски и барьеры, препятствующие переходу России к модели циркулярной экономики. Авторами предложены мероприятия и направления научных исследований, нацеленных на разработку и внедрение элементов ЭЗЦ в мясном подкомплексе, включая связанные с ним отрасли АПК.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.