foodsystFood systemsПищевые системы2618-97712618-7272Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН10.21323/2618-9771-2024-7-1-31-43foodsyst-408Research ArticleСтатьиFood waste as a raw material for production of polyhydroxyalkanoates: State and prospectsПищевые отходы — сырье для получения биоразлагаемых полигидроксиалканоатов: состояние и перспективыhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4130-8362КузнецоваА. П.KuznetsovaA. P.

Кузнецова Анна Павловна — аспирант, факультет биотехнологий191002, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Ломоносова, 9Тел.: +7–911–132–76–58

Anna P. Kuznetsova, PhD Student9, Lomonosova Str., St. Petersburg, 191002

Tel.: +7–911–132–76–58

apkuznetcova@itmo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2897-3114Аль-ШехадатР. И.Al-ShekhadatR. I.

Аль-Шехадат Руслан Исмаилович — кандидат биологических наук, доцент, факультет биотехнологий (BioTech)191002, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Ломоносова, 9Тел.: +7–812–988–89–99

Ruslan I. Al-Shekhadat, Candidate of Biological Sciences Docent9, Lomonosova Str., St. Petersburg, 191002Tel.: +7–812–988–89–99

al-shekhadat@itmo.ruУниверситет ИТМОРоссияITMO UniversityRussian Federation202418042024713143Copyright © Kuznetsova A.P., Al-Shekhadat R.I., 20242024Кузнецова А.П., Аль-Шехадат Р.И.Kuznetsova A.P., Al-Shekhadat R.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/408

The growing problem of environmental pollution by plastic leads to the search not only for the most promising biodegradable polymer, but also for optimal raw materials for its production. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) — biodegradable polymers with physical and mechanical properties close to traditional plastics — are considered a potential solution to this problem. The production of PHA can be organized according to the principles of circular bioeconomy through biotechnological processing of secondary raw materials to produce a product with added value. However, an important component of the expansion of PHA production is the need to find the most promising secondary raw materials for its production. The PHA market in Russia and the global market have been analyzed, highlighting the demand in the packaging and food industries, biomedicine and agroindustry as the fundamental factor for the growth of PHA production. Bibliographic analysis using the PRISMA scheme and VOSviewer program allowed identifying three main directions of PHA research: search for optimal secondary raw materials among food waste, analysis of challenges in PHA production, and the ecological and economic effects of its implementation. Promising types of secondary raw materials have been revealed: vegetable oil production waste, fruit and vegetable processing waste, dairy whey, sugar and starch industry waste, spent coffee grounds and coffee oils extracted from them. Advantages and disadvantages of using secondary raw materials, options for improving their use in the production of PHA, and the main strains-producers were determined. To optimize the cost and processes of PHA production, further studies of food waste are required, aimed at developing approaches to increase the polymer yield, including through the use of secondary raw material preparation processes, and the search for the most productive strains synthesizing PHA.

Обострение проблемы загрязнения окружающей среды пластиком стимулирует поиск не только наиболее перспективного биоразлагаемого полимера, но и оптимального сырья для его производства. Полигидкросиалканоаты (ПГА) — биоразлагаемые полимеры, обладающее физико-механическими свойствами близкими к традиционным пластикам, рассматриваются как потенциальное решение данной проблемы. Производство ПГА может быть реализовано согласно принципам биоэкономики замкнутого цикла путем биотехнологической переработки вторичного сырья с получением продукта с добавочной стоимостью. Однако важной составляющей расширения производства ПГА является необходимость обнаружения наиболее перспективного вторичного сырья для его производства. Проведен анализ рынка ПГА в России и мире, в качестве основополагающего фактора роста производства ПГА выделяется спрос в упаковочной, пищевой промышленности, биомедицине и агропромышленности. Библиографический анализ с применением схемы PRISMA и программы VOSviewer позволил выявить три основных направления исследований ПГА: поиск оптимального вторичного сырья среди пищевых отходов; анализ вызовов при производстве ПГА; изучение экологических и экономических эффектов от внедрения ПГА. Определены перспективные виды вторичного сырья: отходы производства растительных масел, отходы переработки фруктов и овощей, молочная сыворотка, отходы сахарной и крахмальной промышленности, отработанная кофейная гуща, экстрагированные из нее кофейные масла. Выявлены преимущества и недостатки использования вторичного сырья, возможности совершенствования способов его применения в производстве ПГА, а также установлены основные штаммы-продуценты. Для оптимизации стоимости и процессов производства ПГА требуются дальнейшие исследования пищевых отходов, направленные на разработку подходов к увеличению выхода полимера, в том числе путем применения процессов подготовки вторичного сырья. Также для перечисленных целей необходим поиск наиболее продуктивных штаммов, синтезирующих ПГА.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.