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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2023-6-3-409-415</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-310</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Methodology for the development of identification criteria of stone fruit brandy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Методология разработки идентификационных критериев плодовых водок из косточкового сырья</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-0453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крикунова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krikunova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крикунова Людмила Николаевна — доктор технических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел технологии крепких напитков</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 7</p><p>+7–910–465–95–88</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila N. Krikunova, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, Department of Spirits</p><p>7, Rossolimo str., 119021, Moscow</p><p>+7–910–465–95–88</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labcognac@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6913-9006</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томгорова</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomgorova</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Томгорова Светлана Михайловна — научный сотрудник, отдел технологии крепких напитков</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 7</p><p>+7–916–771–58–97</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana M. Tomgorova, Researcher, Department of Spirits</p><p>7, Rossolimo str., 119021, Moscow</p><p>+7–916–771–58–97</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tomgorovasm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-7410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захарова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaharova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захарова Варвара Александровна — младший научный сотрудник, отдел технологии крепких напитков</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 7</p><p>+7–499–246–66–12</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Varvara A. Zaharova, Junior Research, Department of Spirits</p><p>7, Rossolimo str., 119021, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labcognac@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пивоваренной, безалкогольной и винодельческой промышленности</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Brewing, Beverage and Wine Industry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>409</fpage><lpage>415</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Krikunova L.N., Tomgorova S.M., Zaharova V.A., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крикунова Л.Н., Томгорова С.М., Захарова В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krikunova L.N., Tomgorova S.M., Zaharova V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/310">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/310</self-uri><abstract><p>The need to develop identification criteria for fruit brandy is connected with the prevention of the sale of counterfeit products on the Russian alcohol market. Due to the variety of factors affecting the final product, the solution to this problem requires the use of a methodology based on an integrated approach. The work is devoted to its first stage — the assessment of the influence of the biochemical composition of fruit stone raw materials, as well as various technological factors on the formation of essential (identification) characteristics of products. Fresh fruits of apricots, cherry plums, cherries, dogwood and plums, as well as samples of fermented raw materials were used as objects of research. The biochemical composition of fresh fruits was assessed by the content of sugars, free organic acids, amino acids and pectin substances. It has been found that the values of all main indicators of the biochemical composition varied widely in the samples of initial raw materials. At the same time, significant differences were noted between the types of fruit raw materials in the content of free amino acids (dogwood, cherry plum up to 0.08% and 0.12%, respectively; cherry, plum and apricot up to 0.19–0.30%) and pectin substances (cherry, apricot up to 0.6–0.8%; cherry plum, dogwood, plum up to 1.2–1.3%). The following factors were studied in the work as technological factors: a method of primary processing of raw materials (obtaining pulp or juice extraction); a maceration method — without enzyme preparations and with treatment with enzyme preparations; a fermentation method — without fermentation activators and using fermentation activators. It has been established that the method for primary processing of raw materials affects the concentration of methanol, esters and higher alcohols in fermented raw materials. The use of fermentation activators contributes to an increase in the concentration of higher alcohols and esters in them by almost 2 times, and the use of individual complex enzyme preparations — by 16% and 80%, respectively. It has been shown that the methodology for developing identification criteria for fruit vodkas at the first stage should include an assessment of the physico-chemical composition of initial raw materials and individual technological factors at the stage of preparing them for distillation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Необходимость разработки идентификационных критериев плодовых водок связана с  предотвращением реализации фальсифицированной продукции на российском алкогольном рынке. В  связи с  многообразием факторов, влияющих на конечный продукт, для решения данной задачи требуется применение методологии, основанной на комплексном подходе. Работа посвящена ее первому этапу — оценке влияния биохимического состава плодового косточкового сырья, а также различных технологических факторов на формирование существенных (идентификационных) признаков продукции. В качестве объектов исследования использовали свежие плоды абрикосов, алычи, вишни, кизила и сливы, а также образцы сброженного сырья. Оценка биохимического состава свежих плодов проводилась по содержанию сахаров, свободных органических кислот, аминокислот и пектиновых веществ. Установлено, что в образцах исходного сырья значения всех основных показателей биохимического состава варьировались в широких пределах. При этом были отмечены существенные различия между видами плодового сырья в содержании свободных аминокислот (кизил, алыча — до 0,08% и 0,12% соответственно; вишня, слива и абрикос — до 0,19–0,30%) и пектиновых веществ (вишня, абрикос — до 0,6–0,8%; алыча, кизил, слива — до 1,2–1,3%). В качестве технологических факторов в работе изучены: способ первичной переработки сырья (получение мезги или выделение сока); способ мацерации — без ферментных препаратов и с обработкой ферментными препаратами; способ сбраживания — без активаторов брожения и с использованием активаторов брожения. Установлено, что способ первичной переработки сырья влияет на концентрацию метанола, сложных эфиров и высших спиртов в сброженном сырье. Использование активаторов брожения способствует увеличению в нем концентрации высших спиртов и сложных эфиров почти в 2 раза, а применение отдельных комплексных ферментных препаратов — на 16% и 80% соответственно. Показано, что методология разработки идентификационных критериев плодовых водок на первом этапе должна включать оценку физико-химического состава исходного сырья и отдельных технологических факторов на стадии подготовки его к дистилляции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плодовые водки</kwd><kwd>биохимический состав</kwd><kwd>первичная переработка</kwd><kwd>способ сбраживания</kwd><kwd>сброженное сырье</kwd><kwd>летучие компоненты</kwd><kwd>алгоритм оценки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fruit brandy</kwd><kwd>biochemical composition</kwd><kwd>primary processing</kwd><kwd>fermentation method</kwd><kwd>fermented raw materials</kwd><kwd>volatile components</kwd><kwd>evaluation algorithm</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гусейнова, Б. М., Даудова, Т. И. (2018). 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