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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2023-6-3-308-316</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-299</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The quality indicators of ice cream upon the enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Показатели качества мороженого при проведении ферментативного гидролиза лактозы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-9162</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Творогова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tvorogova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Творогова Антонина Анатольевна — доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник, Лаборатория технологии мороженого</p><p>127422, Москва, ул. Костякова, 12</p><p>Teл.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Antonina A. Tvorogova, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Ice Cream Technology</p><p>12, Kostyakova Str., 127422, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antvorogova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6764-5020</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шобанова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shobanova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шобанова Татьяна Владимировна – кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник, Лаборатория технологии мороженого</p><p>127422, Москва, ул. Костякова, 12</p><p>Teл.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Shobanova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher, Laboratory of Ice Cream Technology</p><p>12, Kostyakova Str., 127422, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.shobanova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8177-3472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурский</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurskiy</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гурский Игорь Алексеевич — младший научный сотрудник, Лаборатория технологии мороженого</p><p>127422, Москва, ул. Костякова, 12</p><p>Teл.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Gurskiy, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Ice Cream Technology</p><p>12, Kostyakova Str., 127422, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iixrug@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-6294</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казакова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazakova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казакова Наталия Владимировна – кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Лаборатория технологии мороженого</p><p>127422, Москва, ул. Костякова, 12</p><p>Teл.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Kazakova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Ice Cream Technology</p><p>12, Kostyakova Str., 127422, Moscow</p><p>Tel.: +7–495–610–83–85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkazak.53@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт холодильной промышленности</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Refrigeration Industry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>308</fpage><lpage>316</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Tvorogova A.A., Shobanova T.V., Gurskiy I.A., Kazakova N.V., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Творогова А.А., Шобанова Т.В., Гурский И.А., Казакова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tvorogova A.A., Shobanova T.V., Gurskiy I.A., Kazakova N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/299">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/299</self-uri><abstract><p>Ice cream is a popular type of dairy foods containing up to 6% of lactose. In connection with the lactose intolerance by many consumers and the possibility of its crystallization during storage of finished products, there is a need for a decrease in the content of this nutrient in the composition of ice cream. The aim of the research was to study an effect of the lactose hydrolysis process in ice cream with the fat mass fraction of 15% and different mass fractions of dry skim milk residue on technologically significant and sensory properties of its quality. The main objects of the study were samples of ice cream subjected to lactose hydrolysis at the stage of mixture maturation. The fat mass fraction in the samples was 15%, mass fractions of dry skim milk residue were 7, 10, 12 and 15%. The composition of sugars was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, the dynamic viscosity of mixes and the consistency of ice cream by rheological methods and the dispersion of structural elements by microcopy. The effects of the mass fraction of dry skim milk residue and lactose hydrolysis on quality indicators of mixtures and ice cream were determined. As the mass fraction of dry skim milk residue rose from 7 to 15%, the residual content of lactose increased from 0.2 to 1.1%, while the dynamic viscosity of the mixture increased by 1.3 times. A decrease in the freezing point by 0.6–0.8 °C and an increase in melting resistance were also observed. The mass fraction of melt after 2 hours of holding decreased to 4.7–0.7%. Also, indicators of consistency (hardness, adhesiveness, adhesion force and rigidity) decreased by 1.1–1.7 times (upon a mass fraction of dry skim milk residue of 7 and 10%). The samples of ice cream subjected to lactose hydrolysis were characterized by a high dispersion of structural elements typical for a traditional product, and by improved texture and increased sensation of sweetness. The complex of investigations to study quality indicators of ice cream with the fat mass fraction of 15% showed that a change in the mass fraction of dry skim milk residue upon enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose results in formation of different structural-mechanical and sensory indicators that should be considered during the creation of assortment and development of formulations of low-lactose products.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Мороженое является популярной разновидностью молочной продукции, содержащей до 6% лактозы. В связи с непереносимостью лактозы значительной частью потребителей и возможностью ее кристаллизации при хранении готового продукта, существует необходимость снижения содержания этого нутриента в составе данного продукта.  Целью исследований является изучение влияния процесса гидролиза лактозы в мороженом с массовой долей жира 15% и с различной массовой долей сухого обезжиренного молочного остатка на технологически значимые и органолептические показатели его качества. Основными объектами исследования служили образцы мороженого, подвергнутые гидролизу лактозы на стадии созревания смеси. Массовая доля жира в образцах составляла 15%, а массовая доля сухого обезжиренного молочного остатка — 7, 10, 12 и 15%. Состав сахаров определяли с использованием высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии, динамическую вязкость смесей и консистенцию мороженого — реологическими методами, дисперсность структурных элементов — микроcкопированием. Установлено влияние массовой доли сухого обезжиренного остатка при проведении гидролиза лактозы на показатели качества смеси и мороженого. По мере увеличения массовой доли сухого молочного остатка с 7 до 15% отмечено повышение остаточного содержания лактозы с 0,2 до 1,1% и динамической вязкости смеси в 1,3 раза, а также понижение криоскопической температуры на 0,6–0,8 °C и повышение термоустойчивости. Массовая доля плава через 2 ч выдерживания снизилась до 4,7–0,7%. Также уменьшились значения показателей консистенции — твердость, клейкость, адгезионная сила и жесткость — в 1,1– 1,7 раза (при массовой доле сухого обезжиренного молочного остатка 7 и 10%). Образцы мороженого, подвергнутые гидролизу лактозы, отличались высокой дисперсностью структурных элементов, характерной для традиционного продукта, а также улучшением показателей текстуры и повышением ощущения сладости. Комплекс исследований по изучению показателей качества мороженого с массовой долей жира 15% показал, что изменение массовой доли СОМО при проведении ферментативного гидролиза лактозы приводит к формированию различающихся структурномеханических и органолептических показателей, что необходимо учитывать при составлении ассортимента и при разработке рецептурного состава низколактозных продуктов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вязкость</kwd><kwd>криоскопическая температура</kwd><kwd>скорость таяния</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>консистенция</kwd><kwd>микроструктура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>viscosity</kwd><kwd>freezing point</kwd><kwd>melting rate</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>consistency</kwd><kwd>microstructure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по государственному заданию № FGUS-2022–0013 ФГБНУ «ФНЦ пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова» РАН.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was published as part of the research topic No. FGUS-2022–0013 of the state assignment of the V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alves, A.B., Santos Junior, W.F. dos., Faria, W.C.S., Nascimento, E., Lanzarin, M., Siqueira, P.B. et al. (2021). Development, characterization, and shelf-life of lactose-free artisan ice cream produced with different bases. Research, Society and Development, 10(9), Article e3210912712. http://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.12712</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alves, A.B., Santos Junior, W.F. dos., Faria, W.C.S., Nascimento, E., Lanzarin, M., Siqueira, P.B. et al. (2021). 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