foodsystFood systemsПищевые системы2618-97712618-7272Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН10.21323/2618-9771-2023-6-2-202-210foodsyst-270Research ArticleСтатьиStudy of extraction parameters, quantitative yield of polysaccharides and antioxidant activity of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteriaИзучение параметров экстракции, количественного выхода полисахаридов и антиоксидантной активности психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерийhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-8388СухихС. А.SukhikhS. A.

Сухих Станислав Алексеевич — доктор технических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14Тел.: +7–960–903–62–81

Stanislav A. Sukhikh, Doctor of Technical Sciences., Docent, Head of Laboratory

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad, RussiaТел.: +7–960–903–62–81

stas-asp@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0603-7456ДолганюкВ. Ф.DolganyukV. F.

Долганюк Вячеслав Федорович — кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник, Институт живых систем

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14Тел.: +7–961–707–24–53

Vyacheslav F. Dolganyuk, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher, Institute of Living Systems

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad, RussiaTel.: +7–961–707–24–53

dolganuk_vf@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2012-2438КремлеваО. Е.KremlevaO. E.

Кремлева Ольга Евгеньевна — кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент кафедры экологии

230023, Республика Беларусь, Гродно, ул. Ожешко, 22Тел.: +7–904–960–92–73

Olga E. Kremleva, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Docent, Docent, Department of Ecology

22, Ozheshko str., 230023, Grodno, BelarusTel.: +7–904–960–92–73

omor@grsu.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4107-7277УльрихЕ. В.UlrikhE. V.

Ульрих Елена Викторовна — доктор технических наук, заместитель директора Института агроинженерии и пищевых систем по научной и международной деятельности

236022, Калининград, проспект Советский, 1Тел.: +7–904–960–94–96

Elena V. Ulrikh, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Deputy Director of the Institute of Agroengineering and Food Systems for Scientific and International Activities

1, Prospekt Sovetskiy, 236022, Kaliningrad, RussiaTel.: +7–904–960–94–96

elen.ulrich@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0442-5471КаширскихЕ. В.KashirskikhE. V.

Каширских Егор Владимирович — кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник, Институт живых систем

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14Тел.: +7–923–504–23–23

Egor V. Kashirskikh, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher, Institute of Living Systems

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad, RussiaTel.: +7–923–504–23–23

egorkah@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4921-8997БабичО. О.BabichO. O.

Бабич Ольга Олеговна — доктор технических наук, доцент, директор Научно-образовательного центра

236041, г. Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14Тел.: +7–906–922–09–92

Olga O. Babich, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Docent, Director of the Scientific and Educational Center

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad, RussiaТел.: +7–906–922–09–92

olich.43@mail.ruБалтийский федеральный университет им. И. КантаРоссияBaltic Federal University I. KantRussian FederationБалтийский федеральный университет им. И. Канта; Кемеровский государственный университетРоссияBaltic Federal University I. Kant; Kemerovo State UniversityRussian FederationГродненский государственный университет имени Янки КупалыБеларусьYanka Kupala State University of GrodnoBelarusКалининградский государственный технический университетРоссияKaliningrad State Technical UniversityRussian Federation20231307202362202210Copyright © Sukhikh S.A., Dolganyuk V.F., Kremleva O.E., Ulrikh E.V., Kashirskikh E.V., Babich O.O., 20232023Сухих С.А., Долганюк В.Ф., Кремлева О.Е., Ульрих Е.В., Каширских Е.В., Бабич О.О.Sukhikh S.A., Dolganyuk V.F., Kremleva O.E., Ulrikh E.V., Kashirskikh E.V., Babich O.O.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/270

Exopolysaccharides and endopolysaccharides are the main components in the antioxidant complex of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria. The extraction of these compounds from the cells is really energy consuming, as well as it requires large doses of chemicals due to the resilience, recalcitrance, complexity and diversity of the cell wall in microalgae. The purpose of this article was to study the dependence of polysaccharides quantitative yield on the power of ultrasound treatment and duration of their extraction, as well as to determine the antioxidant activity of the antioxidant complex of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria. In order to find and confirm the antioxidant properties of the complexes obtained from the microscopic algae biomass, we used the method based on measuring the optical density (in a liquid nutrient medium), i. e. the method for determining the antioxidant activity of the samples under research by their ability to reduce the level of free radicals. As a result of the studies the rational conditions were found for the extraction of the antioxidant complex from the cell culture fluid, and from the cell-related psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile, and Anabaena cylindrica. For the exopolysaccharides extraction from the psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile and Anabaena cylindrica, the method of ethanol extraction with an extraction module of 1:2 and an extraction temperature of 5 °С was used. The ability of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile and Anabaena cylindrica to produce an antioxidant complex was studied. It was found that this complex contains polysaccharides: endopolysaccharides and exopolysaccharides in particular. The ability of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile, and Anabaena cylindrica to produce an antioxidant complex was proven by the presence of significant antioxidant activity of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria, determined and confirmed by the methods ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP. The psychrophilic microalga Skeletonema pseudocostatum possesses the highest antioxidant activity. The availability of antioxidant properties in psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria opens up the prospects for their practical application.

Экзополисахариды и эндополисахариды являются основными составляющими антиоксидантного комплекса психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий. Для извлечения данных соединений из клетки требуются высокие затраты энергии или большое количество химических веществ из-за неподатливости, сложности и разнообразия клеточной стенки микроводорослей. Целью данной работы являлось изучение количественного выхода полисахаридов в зависимости от мощности ультразвука и продолжительности экстракции, а также определение антиоксидантной активности антиоксидантного комплекса психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий. Для выявления антиоксидантных свойств комплексов, полученных из биомассы микроскопических водорослей, использовали метод, основанный на измерении оптической плотности (в жидкой питательной среде), метод определения антиоксидантной активности исследуемых образцов по их способности восстанавливать свободные радикалы. В результате проведенных исследований установлены рациональные условия экстракции антиоксидантного комплекса из культуральной жидкости и связанных с клетками психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile и Anabaena cylindrica. Установлено, что для экстракции экзополисахаридов психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile и Anabaena cylindrica используется этанольная экстракция с модулем экстракции 1:2 и температурой экстракции 5 °С. Изучена способность психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile и Anabaena cylindrica продуцировать антиоксидантный комплекс. Установлено, что в состав данного комплекса входят полисахариды: эндо- и экзополисахариды. Способность психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий Skeletonema pseudocostatum, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis, Aphanizomenon gracile и Anabaena cylindrica продуцировать антиоксидантный комплекс доказана наличием значительной антиоксидантной активности психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий, определенной методами ABTS, DPPH и FRAP. Наибольшей антиоксидантной активностью обладает психрофильная микроводоросль Skeletonema pseudocostatum. Наличие антиоксидантных свойств у психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий открывает перспективы их использования в практических целях.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.