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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2023-6-1-72-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-231</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Study of the possibility of producing semi-hard cheeses from frozen goat’s milk</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение возможности выработки полутвердых сыров из замороженного козьего молока</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8588-7103</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мордвинова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mordvinova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мордвинова Валентина Александровна — кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель отдела сыроделия</p><p>152613, Ярославская область, Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A.  Mordvinova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, LeadingResearcher, Head of Cheese Making Departmen</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.mordvinova@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9586-3786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свириденко</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviridenko</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свириденко Галина Михайловна — доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель отдела микробиологии</p><p>152613, Ярославская область, Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina M.  Sviridenko, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of Research Department of Microbiology</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.sviridenko@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8578-4163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроухова</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroukhova</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Остроухова Ирина Леонидовна — кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник, отдел сыроделия</p><p>152613, Ярославская область, Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina L. Ostroukhova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Department of Cheese Making</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.ostroukhova@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7131-7887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроухов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroukhov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Остроухов Дмитрий Вячеславович — научный сотрудник, отдел сыроделия</p><p>152613, Ярославская область, Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Ostroukhov, Researcher, Department of Cheese Making</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: +7–915–970–36–38</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.ostroukhov@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Mordvinova V.A., Sviridenko G.M., Ostroukhova I.L., Ostroukhov D.V., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мордвинова В.А., Свириденко Г.М., Остроухова И.Л., Остроухов Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mordvinova V.A., Sviridenko G.M., Ostroukhova I.L., Ostroukhov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/231">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/231</self-uri><abstract><p>The article presents the results of a study of the quality indicators of semi-hard cheeses produced from defrosted goat’s milk. Natural and defrosted goat’s milk, semi-hard cheeses with a low temperature of the second heating were used as objects of research. Studies of defrosted goat’s milk were carried out after 6±1 days of its storage at a temperature of minus 18°C and subsequent defrosting at a temperature of 37±2°C for 60 minutes; natural goat’s milk — after storage for 24±12 hours at a temperature of 4±2°C. It was found that milk freezing and its subsequent defrosting did not affect the chemical composition of milk and the total content of microorganisms, but the number of somatic cells decreased. Cheeses were produced according to the traditional technological scheme of semi-hard cheese using a bulk mesophilic-thermophilic bacterial starter culture. There was no significant effect of the freezing process of goat’s milk on its technological properties: the duration of curd formation in both variants was (30±1) min, the duration of processing of cheese grain was (90±2) min. The level of syneresis was (55±2)% in the control, (55±6)% — in the test versions and was in the range of error of the method. The degree of transition of dry matter to whey was: in the control — (7.26±0.21)%, in the test — (7.21±0.32)%. It was found that there were no differences in the degree of proteolysis in cheeses during ripening. The values of the acidity the content of available fat in the cheeses of both variants was comparable. The organoleptic characteristics of cheeses at the standard age of 60 days had similar characteristics, both in terms of the degree of intensity of the cheese taste, and in the taste notes of “zest” and “spice”, typical of goat’s milk cheeses. The cheese texture of both variants was characterized as “homogeneous, moderately dense”. It has been established that the process of freezing goat’s milk does not reduce its cheese properties and the qualitative characteristics of the semi-hard cheese produced from it.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлены результаты исследования показателей качества полутвердых сыров, выработанных из дефростированного козьего молока. В качестве объектов изучения использовали натуральное и дефростированное козье молоко, полутвердые сыры с низкой температурой второго нагревания. Исследования дефростированного козьего молока проводили через 6±1 сут его хранения при температуре минус 18°C с  последующей дефростацией при температуре 37±2°C в течение 60 мин; состав натурального козьего молока рассматривался после хранения в течение 24±12 ч при температуре 4±2°C. Установлено, что замораживание молока и последующая его дефростация не оказали влияния на химический состав молока и на общее содержание микроорганизмов, однако количество соматических клеток уменьшилось. Сыры вырабатывали по традиционной технологической схеме полутвердого сыра с использованием производственной мезофильно-термофильной бактериальной закваски. Не было выявлено значимого влияния процесса замораживания козьего молока на его технологические свойства: продолжительность образования сгустка в обоих вариантах составляла (30±1) мин, продолжительность обработки сырного зерна — (90±2) мин. Уровень синерезиса составил в контроле (55±2)%, в опытных вариантах — (55±6)% и находился в пределах погрешности метода. Степень перехода сухих веществ в сыворотку составила: в контроле — (7,26±0,21)%, в опыте — (7,21±0,32)%. Было установлено отсутствие различий в степени протеолиза в сырах при созревании. Значения кислотности жировой фазы в сырах из натурального молока были выше в сравнении с сырами из дефростированного молока в среднем на 15%, но темпы изменения кислотности жировой фазы были идентичны. При этом содержание доступного жира в сырах обоих вариантов было сопоставимо. Органолептические показатели сыров в кондиционном возрасте 60 сут имели схожие характеристики как по степени выраженности сырного вкуса, так и по характерным для сыров из козьего молока вкусовым нотам «острота» и «пикантность». Консистенция сыров обоих вариантов характеризовалась как однородная, умеренно плотная. Установлено, что процесс замораживания козьего молока не снижает его сыропригодные свойства и качественные характеристики выработанного из него полутвердого сыра.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>козье молоко</kwd><kwd>замораживание</kwd><kwd>дефростация</kwd><kwd>сыропригодные свойства</kwd><kwd>полутвердый сыр</kwd><kwd>органолептические показатели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>goat's milk</kwd><kwd>freezing</kwd><kwd>defrosting</kwd><kwd>cheese properties</kwd><kwd>semi-hard cheese</kwd><kwd>organoleptic indicators</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в  рамках выполнения исследований по государственному заданию № FNEN‑2019-0011 Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова Российской академии наук.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of the research under the state assignment No. FNEN‑2019-0011 of the V. M. 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