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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2022-5-4-344-352</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-204</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Study of the composition of the residual microflora of milk after pasteurization</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование состава остаточной микрофлоры молока после  пастеризации</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9586-3786</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свириденко</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sviridenko</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свириденко Галина Михайловна — доктор технических наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель направления микробиологических исследований молока и молочных продуктов.</p><p>152613, Ярославская область, Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Teл.: +7–48532–5–48–64</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina M. Sviridenko - Doctor  of Technical Sciences, Leading  Researcher, Head of research on milk microbiology and dairy products, All-Russian Scientific  Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: +7–48532–5–48–64</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sg_microbiology@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-3432</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комарова Татьяна Валентиновна — младший научный сотрудник, отдел микробиологии.</p><p>152613, Ярославская область, Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Teл.: +7–48532–9–81–52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Komarova - Junior Researcher, Department of Microbiology, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: + 7–48532–9–81–52</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.komarova@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-6871</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ускова</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uskova</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ускова Евгения Евгеньевна — младший научный сотрудник, отдел микробиологии.</p><p>152613, Ярославская область, Углич, Красноармейский бульвар, 19</p><p>Тел.: +7–48532–9–81–52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya E. Uskova - Junior Researcher, Department of Microbiology, All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking.</p><p>19, Krasnoarmeysky Boulevard, Uglich, 152613, Yaroslavl Region</p><p>Tel.: + 7–48532–9–81–52</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.uskova@fncps.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт маслоделия и сыроделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Butter- and Cheesemaking</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>344</fpage><lpage>352</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sviridenko G.M., Komarova T.V., Uskova E.E., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Свириденко Г.М., Комарова Т.В., Ускова Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sviridenko G.M., Komarova T.V., Uskova E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/204">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/204</self-uri><abstract><p>The article presents the results of studies of the composition of the residual microflora of pasteurized milk, depending on the bacterial landscape and the initial contamination of raw milk. The thermal stability of test  cultures of microorganisms that significantly affect the  quality and  storage capacity of fermented dairy products has been  studied. To study  the  composition of the  residual microflora of milk after  pasteurization, sterile milk was infected with  test  cultures of microorganisms at doses  from  101 CFU/cm3 to 107 CFU/cm3. After infection, the  milk was pasteurized at temperatures of (72 ± 1) °C and  (80 ± 1) °C with  a holding time  of 10–20  seconds. The detection and  enumeration of microorganisms was carried out  by standardized microbiological methods. Microorganisms were identified by visual assessment of dominant colonies and cell morphology in micropreparations. The thermal stability of microorganisms important for dairy products, in particular cheeses, the source of which  is raw milk, has been  studied. It has been  established that of the  coccal  forms,  the  greatest risks are associated with  enterococci. Escherichia coli at  infection doses  above 106 CFU/cm3 partially retains viability both  at low-temperature and  at high-temperature pasteurization. Pasteurization temperatures do not have  a lethal effect on spore  bacilli, their number in pasteurized milk does not decrease, regardless of the  initial dose of infection. Low-temperature pasteurization activates the process of clostridial spore  germination. The ability to reactivate cells after  thermal shock was observed in Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, and  mold  fungi.  Thus,  the  residual microflora of milk  subjected to  low-temperature pasteurization is represented by enterococci, thermophilic streptococci, micrococci, staphylococci, asporogenous bacilli  and  spore bacteria. The above microorganisms constitute  the  residual microflora of pasteurized milk and are involved in the  maturation of cheeses, determining their quality and  safety,  [as well as] affecting the  storage capacity of the finished product.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлены  результаты исследований состава остаточной микрофлоры  пастеризованного молока в зависимости от бактериального пейзажа и исходной обсемененности сырого  молока. Изучена термостабильность тест-культур микроорганизмов, значимо влияющих на качество и хранимоспособность ферментируемых  молочных продуктов. Для  исследования состава остаточной микрофлоры молока после  пастеризации стерильное молоко заражали тест-культурами микроорганизмов  в дозах от  101 КОЕ/см3 до 107 КОЕ/см3.  После  заражения молоко пастеризовали при  температурах (72 ± 1)  °C и  (80 ± 1) °C с выдержкой 10–20  секунд.  Выявление и  подсчет микроорганизмов  осуществляли стандартизованными микробиологическими методами. Идентификацию микроорганизмов проводили визуальной оценкой господствующих колоний и морфологии клеток в микропрепаратах. Исследована термостабильность микроорганизмов, значимых для  молочных продуктов, в частности сыров,  источником которых является сырое  молоко. Установлено, что из кокковых форм  наибольшие риски  связаны с энтерококками. Кишечная палочка при дозах  заражения выше 106 КОЕ/см3  частично сохраняет жизнеспособность как при низкотемпературной, так и при высокотемпературной пастеризации. На споровые палочки температуры пастеризации  не  оказывают летального действия, их  количество в пастеризованном молоке не снижается, независимо от исходной дозы  заражения. Низкотемпературная пастеризация активизирует процесс прорастания спор  клостридий. Способность к реактивации клеток после термошока наблюдалась у кишечной палочки, стафилококка, псевдомонад и плесневых грибов. Таким образом, остаточная микрофлора молока, подвергнутого низкотемпературной пастеризации, представлена  энтерококками, термофильным стрептококком, микрококками, стафилококками, аспорогенными палочками и  споровыми бактериями.  Вышеперечисленные микроорганизмы  составляют остаточную микрофлору пастеризованного молока и участвуют в процессах созревания сыров, определяя их качество и безопасность, влияют на хранимоспособность готового продукта.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молоко сырое</kwd><kwd>низкотемпературная пастеризация</kwd><kwd>высокотемпературная пастеризация</kwd><kwd>тест-культуры</kwd><kwd>остаточная микрофлора</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>raw milk</kwd><kwd>low-temperature pasteurization</kwd><kwd>high-temperature pasteurization</kwd><kwd>test cultures</kwd><kwd>residual microflora</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по  государственному заданию № FNEN-2019–0010 Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова Российской академии наук.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was published as part  of the  research topic  FNEN-2019–0010 of the  state assignment of the V. M. Gorbatov  Federal  Research Center for Food Systems  of RAS.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stoeckel, M., Lidolt, M., Hinrichs, J. (2016). Modeling milk heating processes for the production of milk shelf-stable without refrigeration. Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 89(3), 310–319. https://doi:org/10.1002/cite.201600067</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stoeckel, M., Lidolt, M., Hinrichs, J. (2016). Modeling milk heating processes for the production of milk shelf-stable without refrigeration. 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