foodsystFood systemsПищевые системы2618-97712618-7272Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН10.21323/2618-9771-2022-5-4-289-297foodsyst-202Research ArticleСтатьиStudy of morphological features and growth parameters of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteriaИсследование морфологических признаков и параметров роста психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерийhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0603-7456ДолганюкВ. Ф.DolganyukV. F.

Долганюк Вячеслав Федорович — кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник, Институт живых систем.

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14

Тел.: +7-961-707-24-53

Vyacheslav F. Dolganyuk - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher, Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad

Tel.: +7-961-707-24-53

dolganuk_vf@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0442-5471КаширскихЕ. В.KashirskikhE. V.

Каширских Егор Владимирович — кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник, Институт живых систем.

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14.

Тел.: +7-923-504-23-23

Egor V. Kashirskikh - Candidate of Technical Sciences, Researcher, Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad

Tel.: +7-923-504-23-23

egorkah@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4854-5459БуденковаЕ. А.BudenkovaE. A.

Буденкова Екатерина Александровна — инженер, Институт живых систем.

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14.

Тел.: +7-4012-595-595

Ekaterina A. Budenkova - Engineer, Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad

Tel.: +7-4012-595-595

abudenkova@kantiana.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5521-6907АндрееваА. П.AndreevaA. P.

Андреева Анна Петровна — кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией.

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14

Тел.: +7-921-854-98-62

Anna P. Andreeva - Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of Laboratory, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad

Tel.: +7-921-854-98-62

andreewa.anyuta2010@yandex.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7910-8388СухихС. А.SukhikhS. A.

Сухих Станислав Алексеевич — доктор технических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.

236041, Калининград, ул. А. Невского, 14

Тел.: +7-960-903-62-81

Stanislav A. Sukhikh - Doctor of Technical Sciences., Docent, Head of Laboratory, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.

14, A. Nevsky str., 236041, Kaliningrad

Tel.: +7-960-903-62-81

stas-asp@mail.ruБалтийский федеральный университет им. И. КантаРоссияImmanuel Kant Baltic Federal UniversityRussian Federation20220901202354289297Copyright © Dolganyuk V.F., Kashirskikh E.V., Budenkova E.A., Andreeva A.P., Sukhikh S.A., 20232023Долганюк В.Ф., Каширских Е.В., Буденкова Е.А., Андреева А.П., Сухих С.А.Dolganyuk V.F., Kashirskikh E.V., Budenkova E.A., Andreeva A.P., Sukhikh S.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/202

Recently, a question of producing a complex of biologically active substances from microalgae has aroused widespread interest. It is known that microalgae are able to produce a significant amount of exopolysaccharides. The aim of this work was to study morphological features and growth parameters of psychrophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria for the subsequent production of exopolysaccharides. The morphology of microalgae was observed using a binocular microscope. Growth parameters were studied by spectrophotometry; parameters of the culture medium were determined using a pH-meter. Exponential dependency graphs that show the dynamics and expected growth rate of microalgae were built. A rate of growth and polysaccharide biosynthesis in microalgae was determined upon changing the light intensity from 50 to130 mmol/m2/s. The highest level of cell counts in the logarithmic growth phase was up to 0.8 for Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod IPPAS S-329. A level of cells also varied in the deceleration phase from 0.25 for Ankistrodesmus acicularis Korsch IPPAS А-218 to 1.8 for Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod IPPAS S-329. Microalgae showed a high level of biomass accumulation under alkalophylic conditions. Eukaryotic algae actively photosynthesized at a pH of more than 8.0 and a temperature of 30 °C.

The maximum activity at the level of pH 3.0/3.2 in the lag phase was 100% in C-1509 Nannochloris sp. Naumann. Microalga C-1509 Nannochloris sp. Naumann showed a high level of biomass accumulation under alkalophylic conditions; it photosynthesized at a pH of more than 8.0 and a temperature of 30 °C. It has been proved that neutrophiles can grow at pH lower than 3.0; this corresponds to the results of the experiments with the collection strains of microalgae with biomass productivity of 27.3%. At the alkaline pH values of 8.3-9.0, biomass productivity reduced from 46.0 to 37.2%. It is especially interesting that at the alkaline pH values of 7.5 and 8.0 biomass productivity of microalgae increased, which indicates the optimal growth conditions at this narrow pH range. An ability of microalgae to produce exopolysaccharides opens prospects of their use for practical purposes.

В настоящее время широкий интерес приобрел вопрос получения комплекса биологически активных веществ из микроводорослей. Известно, что микроводоросли способны производить значительное количество экзополисахаридов. Целью данного исследования являлось изучение морфологических признаков и параметров роста психрофильных микроводорослей и цианобактерий для последующего получения экзополисахаридов. Морфологию микроводорослей рассматривали с помощью бинокулярной микроскопии. Параметры роста изучали с помощью спектрофотометрии, параметры культуральной среды выявляли с помощью рН-метрии. Были построены экспоненциальные графические зависимости, показывающие динамику и ожидаемую скорость роста микроводорослей. Определяли скорость роста и биосинтеза полисахаридов микроводорослей при изменении освещенности от 50 до 130 ммоль/м2/сек. Наибольший уровень количества клеток в фазе жизненного цикла — логарифмического роста составил до 0,8 для Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod IPPAS S-329. Уровень клеток варьировался также в фазе жизненного цикла — замедленного роста от 0,25 для Ankistrodesmus acicularis Korsch IPPAS А-218 до 1,8 для Scenedesmus obtusiusculus Chod IPPAS S-329. Микроводоросли показали высокий уровень накопления биомассы в алкалофильных условиях. Эукариотические водоросли активно фотосинтезировали с рН более 8,0 и температурой 30 °C. Максимальная активность на уровне лаг-фазы роста рН 3,0/3,2 для C-1509 Nannochloris sp. Naumann составляет 100%. Микроводоросль C-1509 Nannochloris sp. Naumann показала высокий уровень накопления биомассы в алкалофильных условиях, они фотосинтезировали при рН более 8,0 и температуре 30 °C. Доказано, что нейтрофилы могут расти при pH ниже 3,0, это соответствует результатам экспериментов с коллекционными штаммами микроводорослей, с продуктивностью по биомассе 27,3%. При щелочном рН 8,3-9,0 продуктивность по биомассе снижалась с 46,0 до 37,2%. Особый интерес представляет то, что при щелочных значениях рН 7,5 и 8,0 продуктивность микроводорослей по биомассе увеличилась, что указывает на оптимальные условия роста в этом узком диапазоне pH. Способность микроводорослей продуцировать экзополисахариды открывает перспективы их использования в практических целях.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.