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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2020-4-2-89-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-108</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Returnable baking waste — a new type of raw materials for distillates production (Part III. Distillation stage)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возвратные отходы хлебопекарного производства — новый вид сырья для производства дистиллятов (Часть III. Стадия дистилляции)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7335-0453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крикунова</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krikunova</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крикунова Людмила Николаевна — доктор технических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела технологии крепких напитков</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 7 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila N.  Krikunova — doctor of technical sciences, professor, leading researcher, Department of spirits</p><p>7, Rossolimo str., 119021, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cognac320@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8364-9539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубинина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubinina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дубинина Елена Васильевна — кандидат технических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, отдел технологии крепких напитков</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 7 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V.  Dubinina — candidate of technical sciences, leading researcher, Department of spirits</p><p>7, Rossolimo str., 119021, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-vd@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0651-7831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаров</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarov</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макаров Сергей Юрьевич — кандидат технических наук, доцент, кафедра «Технология бродильных производств и виноделия имени Г. Г. Агабальянца»</p><p>109004, Москва, ул. Земляной вал, 73 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey U.  Makarov — Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent, Department of Fermentation Production Technology and Winemaking named after G. G. Agabalyants</p><p>73, Zemlyanoj Val, 109004, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mak210@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт пивоваренной, безалкогольной и винодельческой промышленности</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of the Brewing, Non-Alcoholic and Wine Industry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет технологий и управления имени К. Г. Разумовского (Первый казачий университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>K. G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technology and Management (First Cossack University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Krikunova L.N., Dubinina E.V., Makarov S.Y., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крикунова Л.Н., Дубинина Е.В., Макаров С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krikunova L.N., Dubinina E.V., Makarov S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/108">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/108</self-uri><abstract><p>The distillation stage is a key step in distillate-based alcoholic beverage technology. The use of a new non-traditional type of raw materials to obtain distillates requires comprehensive research. The purpose of this work was to study the processes at the distillation stage of the discharged wort from the recyclable baking waste, in identifying significant factors and determining the optimal technological values of these factors. The objects of the study served 9 samples of fermented wort from various types of recyclable baking waste, distillate fractions and samples of distillates. The distillation was performed on the installation of direct distillation “KOTHE DESTILLATIONSTECHNIK” (Germany). In the objects of the study, the volume, the volume fraction of ethyl alcohol and the mass concentration of the main volatile components were determined. The composition and concentration of basic volatile components were determined using gas chromatography on the device “Thermo Trace GC Ultra” (Thermo, United States). The wide range of variation of the mass concentration of the main volatile components, depending on the composition of the initial raw materials, is revealed. It has been established that the nature of the distribution of volatile components according to distillate fractions does not depend on the physicochemical composition of the fermented wort from different types of recyclable baking waste. It is shown that the nature of the distribution of volatile components according to fractions in obtaining a distillate from the recyclable baking waste has certain differences from their distribution in the preparation of cognac and fruit distillates. A comparative assessment of distillates obtained by single fractionated distillation and double distillation showed the advantage of the first alcohol output and the composition of volatile components. It has been established that the distillation rate with a direct fractionated has a significant effect on the dynamics of the distribution of the main volatile components and the output of the distillate for anhydrous alcohol. With an optimal distillation rate (5.9 cm3 / min), an anhydrous alcohol output increases, on average, by 4% and reduced the losses of valuable aroma-forming volatile components with head and tail fractions.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Стадия дистилляции является ключевым этапом в технологии производства спиртных напитков на основе дистиллятов. Использование нового нетрадиционного вида сырья для получения дистиллятов требует проведения комплексных исследований. Цель данной работы состояла в исследовании процессов на стадии дистилляции сброженного сусла из возвратных отходов хлебопекарного производства, а  также в выявлении значимых факторов и определении оптимальных технологических значений этих факторов. Объектами исследования служили 9 образцов сброженного сусла из различных видов возвратных отходов хлебопекарного производства, фракции дистиллятов и опытные образцы дистиллятов. Дистилляцию проводили на установке прямой сгонки «Kothe Destillationstechnik» (Германия). В объектах исследования определяли объем, объемную долю этилового спирта и массовую концентрацию основных летучих компонентов. Состав и  концентрацию основных летучих компонентов определяли с  использованием газовой хроматографии на приборе «Thermo Trace GC Ultra» (Thermo, США). Выявлены широкие интервалы варьирования массовой концентрации основных летучих компонентов в зависимости от состава исходного сырья. Установлено, что характер распределения летучих компонентов по фракциям дистиллята не зависит от физико-химического состава сброженного сусла из разных видов возвратных отходов хлебопекарного производства. Показано, что характер распределения летучих компонентов по фракциям при получении дистиллята из возвратных отходов хлебопекарного производства имеет определенные отличия от их распределения при получении коньячных и фруктовых дистиллятов. Сравнительная оценка дистиллятов, полученных однократной фракционированной дистилляцией и двукратной дистилляцией, показала преимущество первой по выходу спирта и составу летучих компонентов. Установлено, что скорость дистилляции при прямой фракционированной сгонке оказывает существенное влияние на динамику распределения основных летучих компонентов и выход дистиллята по безводному спирту. При оптимальной скорости дистилляции (5,9 см3 /мин) повышается выход безводного спирта в среднем на 4% и снижаются потери ценных ароматобразующих летучих компонентов с головной и хвостовой фракциями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>процесс дистилляции</kwd><kwd>дистиллированные напитки</kwd><kwd>этилкарбамат</kwd><kwd>вторичные компоненты</kwd><kwd>фракции дистилляции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distillation process</kwd><kwd>distilled beverages</kwd><kwd>ethyl carbamate</kwd><kwd>secondary components</kwd><kwd>distillate fractions</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения исследований по Государственному заданию № 0585–2019–001 Федерального научного центра пищевых систем им. В. М. Горбатова Российской академии наук</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was published as part of the research topic No. 0585–2019–001 of the state assignment of the V. M. 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