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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2026-9-1-98-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-1004</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Fresh elderberry or spinach purées as dual natural colour and early texture modulators in sorghum glutenfree bread</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пюре из свежих ягод бузины или пюре из шпината как двойной натуральный краситель и модуляторы консистенции соргового безглютенового хлеба на ранних сроках после выпечки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4257-1840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сименюк</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Siminiuc</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симинюк Родика Ивановна — Доктор, профессор, Кафедра пищевых продуктов и питания</p><p>Кишинев, бул. Штефан чел Маре, 168, MD‑2004</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rodica Siminiuc, Doctor, Associate Professor, Department of Food and Nutrition </p><p>bd. Ștefan cel Mare, 168, Chișinău, Moldova, MD-2004 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">siminiuc@adm.utm.md</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5540-4246</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цуркану</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Țurcanu</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цуркану Дину Николаевич — доктор, профессор, Кафедра пищевых продуктов и питания</p><p>Кишинев, бул. Штефан чел Маре, 168, MD‑2004</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dinu Țurcanu, Doctor, Associate Professor, Department of Food and Nutrition</p><p>bd. Ștefan cel Mare, 168, Chișinău, Moldova, MD-2004 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dinu.turcanu@adm.utm.md</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Технический Университет Молдовы<country>Молдова</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Technical University of Moldova<country>Moldova, Republic of</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Siminiuc R., Țurcanu D., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сименюк Р.И., Цуркану Д.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Siminiuc R., Țurcanu D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/1004">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/1004</self-uri><abstract><p>Gluten-free breads typically exhibit rapid firming and limited natural color diversity, which issues are usually addressed through multiple additives. This study evaluated the properties of adding fresh elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) purées (15–35%, flour basis) as multifunctional ingredients for sorghum (Sorghum oryzoidum) gluten-free bread. Nine bread recipes were analysed for their instrumental texture, crumb CIELAB color, sensory profile, and consumer acceptability at 6 h and 24 h post-baking. At 6 h, bread with added spinach puree at 35% achieved wheat-like softness, while bread with added elderberry pureeincreased crumb firmness. After 24 h, all breads firmed, but bread with added 35% of spinacj puree remained substantially softer than the sorghum reference sample. Elderberry purée shifted crumb color towards redviolet hues, spinach puree did it towards green-yellow hues, while the variants of bread with added spinach showed the lowest 24 h color change (ΔE*ab&lt;3.5). Consumer scores were consistently high (≥7.0 on day 1), with 35% elderberry-enriched bread which retained the highest liking rating after 24 h. These findings demonstrate that fresh plant purées can expand natural colours diversity and attenuate early firming in gluten-free bread, supporting their application as clean-label alternatives to the conventional additives.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Безглютеновый хлеб обычно быстро черствеет и  имеет ограниченное разнообразие природных цветов, что, как правило, исправляется многочисленными добавками. В  этой статье оцениваются свойства пюре из  свежих ягод бузины (Sambucus nigra) и шпината (Spinacia oleracea) (15–35 % от количества муки), примененных в качестве многофункциональных ингредиентов для безглютенового хлеба, выпеченного из сорго (Sorghum oryzoidum). Был проведен анализ девяти рецептур, где инструментально оценивалась консистенция, цвет мякиша по  шкале цвета CIELAB, профиль органолептических свойств и уровень потребительской приемлемости через 6 и 24 часа после выпечки. Через 6 часов хлеб с добавлением шпината в количестве 35 % достиг уровня мягкости, сравнимого с пшеничным хлебом, в то время как добавленная бузина повысила черствость мякиша. Через 24 часа все виды хлеба зачерствели, но хлеб, испеченный с добавлением шпината в количестве 35 %, оставался значительно мягче, нежели контрольный образец, выпеченный из сорго. Пюре из ягод бузины изменило цвет хлебного мякиша в сторону красно-фиолетовых оттенков, пюре из шпината — в сторону зелено-желтого оттенка, при этом варианты рецепта с добавленным шпинатом показали наименьшее изменение цвета через 24 часа (ΔE*ab &lt; 3,5). Потребительские оценки были неизменно высокими (≥ 7,0 в первый день), при этом хлеб с добавлением 35 % бузины сохранил наивысшую оценку и через 24 часа. Эти результаты показывают, что применение пюре из свежих растительных материалов способно расширить естественное разнообразие цвета и уменьшить преждевременное черствение безглютенового хлеба, что подтверждает целесообразность их применения в качестве альтернативы традиционным добавкам, подпадающим под определение «чистая этикетка».</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>приемлемость</kwd><kwd>природные ингредиенты</kwd><kwd>подпадающие под определение «чистая этикетка»</kwd><kwd>потребительская оценка</kwd><kwd>анализ основных компонентов</kwd><kwd>анализ профиля консистенции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acceptability</kwd><kwd>clean-label</kwd><kwd>consumer test</kwd><kwd>principal component analysis</kwd><kwd>texture profile analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Данная статья была выполнена при поддержке Национального агентства по исследованиям и разработкам (NARD) Республики Молдова в рамках исследовательского проекта «Исследовательский анализ продовольственной безопасности в Республике Молдова на основе показателей экологической чистоты и питательной ценности (SNuQ) пищевых продуктов» (грант № 23.70105.5107.05), реализуемого в Техническом университете Молдовы.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by the National Agency for Research and Development (NARD), Republic of Moldova, through the research project “Exploratory analysis of food security in the Republic of Moldova based on metrics of sustainable and nutritional quality (SNuQ) of food products” (grant No. 23.70105.5107.05), implemented at the Technical University of Moldova.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fact.MR. 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