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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodsyst</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Food systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Пищевые системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2618-9771</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-7272</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова РАН</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21323/2618-9771-2026-9-1-86-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodsyst-1003</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Theoretical analysis of hydrodynamics of the cream churning process in a batch butter churn equipped with a Möbius strip working body</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Теоретический анализ гидродинамики процесса сбивания сливок в маслоизготовителе периодического действия с рабочим органом типа ленты Мёбиуса</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6090-1853</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулиев</surname><given-names>З. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guliev</surname><given-names>Z. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулиев Закир Вагиф Оглы — заведующий лабораторией «Механизация и автоматизация технологических процессов в животноводстве»</p><p>Гянджа, пр. Азиз Алиев, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zakir V. Guliev, Head of the Laboratory for «Mechanization and Automation of Technological Processes in Animal Husbandry»</p><p>93, Aziz Aliyev Ave., Ganja</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vaqifizz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1426-5581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якубов</surname><given-names>К. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakubov</surname><given-names>K. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Якубов Камал Гаджи Оглы, — кандидат технических наук, доцент, вeдущий научный сотрудник, лаборатория «Механизация и автоматизация технологических процессов в животноводстве»</p><p>Гянджа, пр. Азиз Алиев, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamal H. Yakubov, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Docent, Leading Researcher, Laboratory for «Mechanization and Automation of Technological Processes in Animal Husbandry»</p><p>93, Aziz Aliyev Ave., Ganja</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yaqubov.k@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5371-2667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиев</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliev</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиев Эльман Мухтар Оглы, старший научный сотрудник, лаборатория «Механизация и автоматизация технологических процессов в животноводстве»</p><p>Гянджа, пр. Азиз Алиев, 93</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elman M. Aliev, Senior Researcher, Laboratory for «Mechanization and Automation of Technological Processes in Animal Husbandry»</p><p>93, Aziz Aliyev Ave., Ganja</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bozxan@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский Институт «Агромеханика»<country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">«Agromechanics» Research Institute<country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>86</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Guliev Z.V., Yakubov K.H., Aliev E.M., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кулиев З.В., Якубов К.Г., Алиев Э.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Guliev Z.V., Yakubov K.H., Aliev E.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/1003">https://www.fsjour.com/jour/article/view/1003</self-uri><abstract><p>The study investigates the hydrodynamic processes occurring during the whipping of cream in a device with a working element shaped like a double Möbius strip. The relevance of the work stems from the need to improve the efficiency of butter production, particularly for small-scale farms, where traditional churning methods are often energy-intensive and insufficiently productive. The aim of the research is to analyze the flow characteristics generated by the working element and their impact on the cream-whipping process. The object of the study was a butter churn with a double Möbius strip working element, located at the «Agromechanics» Research Institute (Ganja, Azerbaijan). Methods included mathematical modeling to analyze centrifugal and vortex flows, as well as the determination of key parameters such as rotational speed (n=700→900 rpm) and strip width (b=0.03→0.05 m). Formulas for calculating centrifugal velocity, force, and turbulent flows were applied. The results showed that increasing the rotational speed to (n=900 rpm) and the strip width to (b=0.05 m) leads to maximum values of centrifugal velocity (v=12.5 m/s) and force (F=1408.5 N), significantly intensifying the churning process. The turbulent flows generated by the Möbius strip promote uniform mixing and the disruption of fat globule membranes. The theoretical investigations show that the highest hydrodynamic activity is formed in the peripheral zone of the working chamber, where according to the calculated data, the most favorable conditions are created for coalescence of fat globules and formation of butter grains. The results obtained make it possible to predict that realization of the indicated hydrodynamic regimes can facilitate reduction of the duration of the churning process and specific energy consumption. The experimental assessment of these effects requires additional studies and is the subject of the further work.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследование посвящено изучению гидродинамических процессов, возникающих при сбивания сливок в аппарате с  рабочим органом в  форме двойной ленты Мёбиуса. Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью повышения эффективности производства сливочного масла, особенно для малых фермерских хозяйств, где традиционные методы сбивания часто оказываются энергоёмкими и недостаточно продуктивными. Целью исследования является анализ характеристик потоков, формируемых рабочим органом, и их влияния на процесс сбивания сливок. Объектом исследования выступал маслоизготовитель с рабочим органом в виде двойной ленты Мёбиуса, расположенный в  Научно-исследовательском институте «Агромеханика» (Гянджа, Азербайджан). Методы включали математическое моделирование для анализа центробежных и  вихревых потоков, а также определение ключевых параметров, таких как частота вращения (n=700→900 об/мин) и  ширина лент (b=0,03→0,05 м). Использовались формулы для расчёта центробежной скорости, силы и турбулентных потоков. Результаты показали, что увеличение частоты вращения до n=900 об/мин и ширины ленты до b=0,05 м приводит к максимальным значениям центробежной скорости (v=12,5 м/с) и силы (F=1408,5 H), что значительно интенсифицирует процесс сбивания. Турбулентные потоки, создаваемые лентой Мёбиуса, способствуют равномерному перемешиванию и разрушению оболочек жировых шариков. Теоретические исследования показали, что наибольшая гидродинамическая активность формируется в периферийной зоне рабочей ёмкости, где, согласно расчётным данным, создаются наиболее благоприятные условия для коалесценции жировых шариков и формирования масляных зёрен. Полученные результаты позволяют прогнозировать, что реализация указанных гидродинамических режимов может способствовать сокращению продолжительности процесса сбивания и снижению удельных энергозатрат. Экспериментальная оценка данных эффектов требует проведения дополнительных исследований и является предметом дальнейшей работы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центробежная сила</kwd><kwd>центробежная скорость</kwd><kwd>вихревые потоки</kwd><kwd>частота вращения</kwd><kwd>лента Мёбиуса</kwd><kwd>cбивание сливок</kwd><kwd>жировые шарики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>centrifugal force</kwd><kwd>centrifugal velocity</kwd><kwd>vortex flows</kwd><kwd>rotational frequency</kwd><kwd>Möbius strip</kwd><kwd>whipping cream</kwd><kwd>fat globules</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кулиев, З. В., Якубов, К. Г., Алиев, Э. М. (2024). 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